PROCEEDINGS ^ OF THE Biological Society of Washington VOLUME XVIII 1905 WASHINGTON PRINTED FOR THE SOCIETY 1906 3 ^308 .,.. COMMITTEE ON PUBLICATIONS W. P. HAY, Chairman WILFRED H. OSGOOD DAVID WHITE E. A. GOLDMAN C. A. McKNEW CONTENTS Officers and committees for 1905 v Proceedings vii-xi Description of a New Genus and Eleven New Species of Philippine Birds, by Edgar A. Mearns 1-8 Further Changes in Crustacean Nomenclature, by Harriet Richard son 9-10 Diagnoses Aragallorum, by Edward L. Greene 11-18 Description of a New Euphonia from the Southern West Indies, by Austin H. Clark 19-22 A New Elk from California, by C. Hart Merriam 23-26 Twelve New Wood Rats of the Genus Neotoma, by E. A. Goldman 27-34 A Preliminary Account of the Dorididse of Monterey Bay, Cali fornia, by F. M. MacFarland 35-54 Some West American Red Cherries, by Edward L. Greene .... 55-60 Preliminary Descriptions of Three New Birds from St. Vincent, West Indies, by Austin H. Clark 61-64 Notes on Bahama Bats, by Glover M. Allen 65-72 General Notes 73-78 A Snake New to the District of Columbia, 73 ; Why Not Paramaya, 74 ; The Generic Name of the Willet, 75 ; Note on the Synonymy of Hxmntospiza sipahi, 75 ; New Generic Name for the Giant Fulmar, 76 ; Note on a Specimen of Pithecophaga jefferyi Ogilvie-Grant, 76; A New Name for the Peromyscus nebrascensis of Certain Authors, 77. Descriptions of Three Apparently New Species of Mammals, by D.G.Elliot 79-82 Descriptions of Eight New Philippine Birds, with Notes on Other Species New to the Islands, by Edgar A. Mearns 83-90 An Interesting Species of Fish from the High Mountains of Central Ecuador, by Barton Warren Evermann and William Converse Kendall 91-106 New Genera and Species of Perlidse, by James G. Needham . . . 107-110 Description of a New Species of Whip-poor-will from Mexico, by E. W. Nelson 111-112 A New Genus and Species of Libellulinse from Brazil, by James G. Needham 113-116 Some New Homoptera from the South and Southwest, by Elmer D. Ball 117-120 Notes on the Names of Certain North American Birds, by E. W. Nelson 121-126 New Species of Parasitic Copepods from the Massachusetts Coast, by Charles Branch Wilson 127-132 A New Flying Squirrel from the Coast of Alaska, by Wilfred H. Osgood 133-134 Descriptions of Apparently New Mammals of the Genera Ovibos, Ct/nomy*, and Mustela, by D. G. Elliot 135-140 A New Species of Clapper Rail from Yucatan, by E. W. Nelson . 141-142 New and Interesting American Grasses, by C. V. Piper 143-150 Descriptions of Seven New Subspecies of American Birds, by Outram Bangs . 151-156 (iii) iv Contents. Mamaia and Mamaiidfe, by Thomas R. R. Stebbing . 157-160 Description of a New Genus and Species of Trochilidae, by Harry C. Oberholser 161-162 Two New Chipmunks from Colorado and Arizona, by C. Hart Merriam 1 . 163-166 What is Icterus gualanemis Underwood? by Outram Bangs . . . 167-170 New Plants from Nevada, II, by Aven Nelson 171-176 New American Bees, by T. D. A. Cockerell . . . .177-184 General Notes 185-188 Two Specimens of Cfixtura celebensis (Sclater), 185 ; The Name of the Panama Green Honey Creeper, 186 ; On the Correct Name for the Mountain Thrush of the Lesser Antilles, 186 ; Note on Arabis pedicellate., A. Nelson, 187. General'Notes 189-190 Note on the Name-Jfen&raonia, 189; Note on the Earliest Use of the Generic Name Purpura in Binomial Nomenclature, 189. Suggestions for the Nomenclature of the Cranial-length Measure ments and of the Cheek-teeth of Mammals, by Oldfield Thomas 191-196 A New Tobacco Thrips, by W. E. Hinds 197-200 A New Proserpinoid Land Shell from Brazil, by William Healey Dall 201-202 A New Chiton from the New England Coast, by William Healey Dall 203-204 A New Cloak-fern from Mexico, by William R. Maxon 205-206 Descriptions of Some New Genera of Tyrannidse, Pipridae, and Cotingidee, by Robert Ridgway 207-210 New Genera of Tyrannidse and Turdidse, and New Forms of Tana- gridce and Turdidse, by Robert Ridgway 211-214 A New Fern from Porto Rico, by William R. Maxon 215-216 A New Owl from Costa Rica, by Anastasio Alfaro 217-218 Descriptions of Three New Birds from the Merida Region of Ven ezuela, by J. H. Riley -. . . .219-222 General Notes 223-226 Note on the Generic Names Pteronotus and Dermfmotuf, 223 ; Symbos, a Substitute for Scaphoceros, 223; A New Name for a Middle American Fern, 224 ; A New Name for Lewis T Wood pecker, 224 ; Description of an Adult Female Euphonia Sup posed to be Euphonia gnatho (Cabanis),. 225. A New Bat from German East Africa by Gerrit S. Miller, Jr. . . 227-228 A New Genus of Bats from Sumatra, by Gerrit S. Miller, Jr. ... 229-230 A New Lycopodium from Guatemala, by William R. Maxon . . 231-232 Descriptions of Apparently New Species and Subspecies of Mam mals from Mexico and San Domingo, by D. G. Elliot 233-236 Description of an' Apparently New Subspecies of Microgale from Madagascar, by D. G. Elliot 237-238 A New Name for Kaulfuxsia Blume, a Genus of Marattiaceous Ferns, by William R. Maxon 239-240 Two New Species of Fishes from Brazil, by Seth Eugene Meek . . 241-242 A Collection of Fishes from the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, by Seth Eugene Meek 243-246 A New Bat from Mexico, by Walter L. Halm 247-248 A New Family of Jugular Acanthopterygians, by Theodore Gill and Hugh M. Smith 249-250 A New Anarrhichadoid Fish, by Theodore Gill 251-252 General Notes ... 253-256 A Second Specimen of Odontonycteris meyeri Jentink, 253 ; New Name for Pontoleon, 253 ; Myotis lucifugus in Kamchatka, 254 ; Mastodon Remains in the Yukon Valley, 254. OFFICERS AND COUNCIL OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON For 1905 (ELECTED DECEMBER 31, 1904) OFFICERS Preside id FRANK H. KNOWLTON Vice-Presidents T. S. PALMER E. L. GREENE W. P. HAY E. W. NELSON Recording Secretary EDWARD 'L. MORRIS Co rresp on ding Seer eta ry WILFRED H. OSGOOD Treasurer DAVID WHITE COUNCIL WILLIAM H. BALL* THEODORE GILL* L. 0. HOWARD* FREDERICK V. COVILLE* A. K. FISHER F. A. LUCAS* C. HART MERRIAM* B. W. EVERMANN* A. D. HOPKINS GEORGE M. STERNBERG* H. J. WEBBER L. STEJNEGER CHARLES A. WHITE* J. N. ROSE STANDING COMMITTEES-1905 Committee on Communications VERNON BAILEY, Chairman H. M. SMITH A. B. BAKER A. D. HOPKINS J. N. ROSE Committee on Publications W. P. HAY, Chairman WILFRED H. OSGOOD DAVID WHITE E. A. GQLDMAN C. A. McKNEW *Ex-Presidents of the Society. (v) VOL. XVIII, PP. VII-XN JANUARY 26, 1906 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON PROCEEDINGS. The Society meets in the Assembly Hall of the Cosmos Club on alternate Saturdays at 8 P. M. Brief notices of the meetings, with abstracts of the papers, are published in Science. January 14, 1905 3Q5th-Meeting. The President in the chair and 46 persons present. A. D. Hopkins exhibited fossil borings of cerambycid beetles. W. P. Hay noted that in modern literature CaBsalpino is rightly credited with discovering the circulation of the blood. The following communications were presented : C. 0. Townsend: Distribution and Development of the Sugar Beet Industry in the United States. A. C. Veatch: The Question of Origin of the Natural Mounds of Louisiana, Arkansas, and Texas. A. S. Hitchcock: The Twigs of Woody Plants with Deciduous Tips. January 28, 1905 3g6th Meeting. The President in the chair and 110 persons present. The following communications were presented: Ernest Thompson Seton : Life Histories of Some Rodents of Manitoba; Life History of the Northern Coyote. (vii) viii The Biological Society of Washington. February n, 1905 397th Meeting. The President in the chair and 68 persons present. Vernon Bailey exhibited a large pearl mussel from Texas. L. O. Howard noted the first authentic record of Stegomyia on the Pacific coast of Mexico.* The following communications were presented : Albert Mann: Diatoms. t E. A. Mearns: Animal Life of Mount Apo of the Philippine Islands.! February 25, 1905 3g8th Meeting. The President in the chair and 37 persons present. C. E. Waters presented remarks on Dr. Mann's paper on diatoms at the preceding meeting. E. L. Greene noted the work of P. I. Rafinesque of Switzer- land. The following communications were presented: E. L. Greene: The Earliest Local Flora. David White: Fossil Plants of the Group Cycadofilices. March n, 1905 39gth Meeting. The President in the chair and 87 persons present. L. 0. Howard exhibited several articles woven from artificial silk. E. L. Morris noted the new edition of Cassino's Naturalists' Directory. F. H. Blodgett exhibited a microscopic mount of an ant. F. H. Knowlton noted recent papers on the salts of human blood. The following communication was presented: Willett M. Hays: Breeding Problems. March 25, 1905 4ooth Meeting. Vice-President Hay in the chair and 77 persons present. M. W. Lyon, Jr., and others noted the large number of crows * To be published in a monograph by the Carnegie Institution, t Smiths. Misc. Coll. (Quar. Issue), XLVIII, 1, 1905. t Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. XXVIII, 425-460, 1905. I Plant World, 1905. Proceedings. ix found dead in the vicinity of Washington from malarial infec tion. W. L. McAtee noted the large number of bird foods found in drift.* The following communications were presented: Hugh M. Smith: Ichthyologia Miscellanea: a. The proper scientific name of the blue-gill sunfish; b. Note on a rare flying- fish (Exocoetus lutkeni) ; c. Feeding habits of the trigger fish (Batistes). A. G. Maddren: Notes on the Occurrence of Mammoth Re mains in Alaska. t A. D. Hopkins: Ornaments and Blemishes in Wood Caused by Birds and Insects. April 8, 1905 4Oist Meeting. The President in the chair and 43 persons present. The following communications were presented : W. P. Hay: A Class of Arthropoda New to the District of Columbia. W. H. Osgood: An Extinct Ruminant Related to the Musk Ox.} B. W. Evermann: The Trout of the Kern River Region. April 22, 1905 402d Meeting The President in the chair and 30 persons present. W. P. Hay reported a new species of crayfish, Cambarus mo- nongahelensis Ortmann, from Pittsburg, with notes on the colors of several species. A. B. Baker presented a plant of Hepatica hepatica with double flowers. The following communications were presented: H. D. House: Some Problems in the Study of Violets. F. H. Knowlton: Notes on Some Fossil Figs. H. W. Oldys: Instinct in Man and Reason in the Lower Animals. * Science, 1905. f Smiths. Misc. Coll. (Quar. Issue) XLVIII, 4-117, 1905. t Smiths. Misc. Coll. (Quar. Issue) XLIX, 173-185. x The Biological Society of Washington. May 6, 1905 4O3 to 8 mm.) the foot everywhere except at tip of tail ; mantle edge wide and thick, slightly crenulate ; dor- sum everywhere minutely villous and velvety, pale yellowish in color with dark brown or black rings of varying size, number and position. In gen eral these are arranged in 2 longitudinal series on each side of the median line with from 3 to 6 rings in each row but this is subject to much variation. Small patches of brown may also occur among the rings. The general color of the dorsum may vary from a light yellow to deep brownish yellow or even chocolate. Oral tentacles long, slender, finger-like ; anterior end of foot deeply bi labiate, the upper thinner lip with a median notch ; rhinophores conical, the clavus dilated, perfoliate with 20 to 30 leaves, deeply retractile into sheaths with crenulate margin ; branchial plumes 6, tripinnate, retractile into sheath with prominent crenulate margin ; no labial armature save a simple cuticula ; radula rather broad, twice as long as wide, yellowish, the teeth in 19 to 22 rows, with 26 to 30 teeth in each half row ; rhachis broad, naked; pleural teeth similar in shape, strongly hooked, compressed, a narrow wing-like expansion upon the inner side of each tooth. Glans penis unarmed ; prostate gland large. Found in fucoid zone among rocks all along the southern coast of 42 MacFarland Preliminary Account of tyorididse. Monterey Bay ; not abundant but has been taken at all times of the year. This species was discovered and described superficially by Cooper (1862) and was afterwards studied anatomically by Bergh (1880) upon specimens from Alaska which appear to be identical with the Monterey form. No. 181,288, U. S. National Museum. From Monterey Bay, Calif. 6. Aldisa sanguinea (Cooper). Doris (Asteronotus) sanguinea Cooper, New Species of Californian Mollusca. 'Proc. Calif. Ac. Sci., II, 1862, 204. Doris sanguined Cooper (Asteronotus), New or Rare Mollusca Inhabiting the Coast of California, No. II, ibid., Ill, 1863, 58. Asteronolus? sanguineus (Cooper). Bergh, Malacologische Untersuchungen (Semper, Reisen im Archipel der Philippinen), II, XVII, 1890, 917. Body somewhat depressed, oval, the ends about equally rounded; dor- sum covered everywhere with small conical tubercles, the general body- color light to dark red, sprinkled everywhere with minute black spots ; on the median line immediately in front of the branchiae a large rounded or oval black spot, another similar spot in advance of the first just behind the rhinophores. Foot abruptly rounded in front, less so behind, the sides converging posteriorly, anterior margin bilabiate. Total length, up to 17 mm. ; width, to 8 mm. ; height, to 6 mm. Tentacles short, auriform, grooved externally ; rhinophores rather stout, the clavus conical, perfoliate with 12 to 15 leaves, deeply retractile into sheaths with low tuberculate margins ; branchial plumes 8 to 10, simply pinnate or irregularly bipinnate, arranged in a circle, completely retractile into sheath with low tuberculate margin ; oral cuticula thick ; on the sides of the tube a delicate armature of extremely fine short rodlets; radula rather wide, teeth in 70 rows; rhachis narrow, naked ; pleural teeth very numerous and slender, at least 70 to 100 in each half row ; each tooth made up of a triangular compressed base from which arises a slender rod- like shaft, the distal end slightly enlarged and hollowed on posterior face, on its thickened external and distal margin a single series of very small denticulations which continue down the border of the shaft for varying distances, in some cases occupying the distal half of the shaft; inner teeth about .5 mm. in length, the outermost ranging down to .03 mm. Glans penis cylindrical, blunt, its cuticle with 5 or 6 rows of small re curved hooks. This species was first described by Cooper (1862-63) as Doris sanguinea in an exceedingly fragmentary manner. The form is abundant in Mon terey Bay and a careful study shows that it does not belong to the genus Asteronotus as given by Bergh ( 1892) but forms the second species of the genus Aldisa, the other species of which, Aldi'sa zetlandica Alder and Han cock, belongs to European waters. No. 181,277, U. S. National Museum. Monterey Bay, Calif. MacFarland Preliminary Account of Dorididse. 43 7. Cadlina marginata sp. nov. Type from Monterey Bay, Calif. No. 181,287, U. S. National Museum. Body elongate, elliptical, somewhat depressed; dorsum firm, covered everywhere with low tubercles; general ground-color yellowish white, the tubercles tipped with lemon yellow surrounded by a narrow ring of white forming the center of small polygonal areas into which the dorsum is divided ; mantle margin and lateral and posterior edges of foot edged with a narrow band of lemon-yellow, tips of rhinophores, branchiae and their sheaths of the same color. Mantle margin wide, broadly overlapping the foot ; foot narrow, nearly linear, its anterior end bilabiate, the upper lip notched, thin, the lower one thick ; oral tentacles short, triangular, flattened, auriform with distinct external groove; rhinophores perfoliate with 16 to 18 leaves, margin of sheath bearing low tubercles tipped with yellow; branchial plumes 6, bipinnate, the sheath tuberculate. Dimensions of large individual : length, 45 mm. ; width, 22 mm. ; height, 8 to 10 mm. Labial armature a broad yellow band of bifid hooks, quadrangular below, narrowing laterally and interrupted above; radula broad with shallow median groove; teeth in 90 rows; dental formula 47-1-47; rhachis of radula with a single -series of median teeth, erect, hooked, the tips divided into 4 to 6 nearly equal small blunt denticles; pleurae 47, the innermost one strongly hooked with 3 large denticles on its inner and 6 or 7 smaller ones on its outer margin ; the remaining pleurae of much the same shape, the tip becoming longer and more pointed, the denticles limited to the outer margin alone and increasing in number to 12; the outermost pleurae diminishing in size, being finally reduced to compressed jagged slightly conoave plates. Glans penis short, bluntly conical, armed with hooks. Found in rocky tide-pools of the fucoid zone all along the southern coast of Monterey Bay. Not rare. 8. Cadlina flavomaculata sp. nov. Type from Monterey Bay, Calif. No. 181,279, U. S. National Museum. Body elongate, elliptical, almost linear, depressed, bluntly rounded at the ends, less so behind than in front; dorsum thickly set everywhere with low rounded tubercles. General color yellowish white ; on each side of dorsum a row of 7 to 10 small lemon yellow spots borne upon low tubercles, the first one of these spots just outside of and behind the rhino phores, the last one outside of and usually behind the branchial plumes ; rhinophores black, brown or brownish-yellow, very conspicuous against the pale dorsum ; mantle margin thin, broadly overlapping the foot except behind ; foot linear, bluntly pointed behind, in front abruptly rounded, bilabiate, lower lip fleshy, thick, the upper one thinner; tentacles short, flattened, bluntly auriform, the external margin grooved; rhinophores 44 MacFarland, Preliminary Account of Dorididse. rather large, erect, diverging, perfoliate with 10 to 12 leaves, clavus long, sheath margins thin and slightly tuberculate ; branchial plumes small, 10 or 11, usually simply pinnate, occasionally bipinnate in part, completely retractile within a sheath with thin edges. Length of large specimens, 20 mm. ; width, 8 to 10 mm. ; height, 4 mm. Labial armature a broad light-yellow band, quadrangular below, trian gular at the sides and interrupted above, its elements closely set hooks bifid at the distal end ; radula small, broad with a very shallow median groove. Teeth in 77 rows ; dental formula 23-1-23; rhachidian tooth mas sive, the hook divided into 4 to 6 long nearly equal denticles; pleurae 23 in number, the first with a stout hook bearing 2 or 3 denticles on its inner margin and 4 to 7 smaller ones on the outer ; the successive lateral teeth increasing somewhat in height and in number of denticles upon outer margin up to 12 to 15, the inner margin having none ; toward the middle of the row the denticles become longer and more prominent, the whole tooth becoming sawlike in form ; the outer 3 or 4 decrease somewhat in size but not so much as in the preceding species. Glans penis short, bluntly conical, and armed with minute recurved hooks ; vas deferens very long of 2 portions, a proximal glandular and a distal muscular part indistinctly set off from each other. Not rare. Found in the same localities as the preceding species. Very sluggish in movement in the aquarium. But one other species of this genus, Cadlina pacifica Bergh, has been described from the Pacific (Alaska). It is clearly distinct from the Monterey forms as shown by the dentition, C. pacifica having 67 to 85 rows of teeth with a formula of 33-1-33, the rhachidian tooth having 3 or 4 denticles on each side of a median hook and the denticles of the outer pleurse ranging up to 18 to 22, the first pleura having 3 upon the inner margin and 6 or 7 on the outer. 9. Chromodoris porterae Cockerell. Chromodoris porterss Cockerell. Three New Species of Chromodoris, The Nautilus XVI, 1902, 20. One specimen of Chromodoris was taken at Pacific Grove in 1894. Colored drawings were made of it but it escaped down the overflow pipe of the aquarium and was lost before further study could be made. The same species has been taken at La Jolla, California, and its color characteristics given under the above name by Prof. T. D. A. Cockerell (1902). Body elongate, linear, depressed, mantle about equally rounded in front and behind, mantle margin rather narrow laterally and behind, in front broad ; tail not covered by the mantle save in its anterior portion. General body-color deep ultramarine blue ; mantle with 2 broad longitudinal stripes of orange, entirely or incompletely united behind the branchial plume, ending in front just outside the bases of the rhinophores ; in front of rhino- phores a transverse arc of orange as if a continuation of the lateral stripe; a median light blue line extending from between the rhinophores to the MacFarland Preliminary Account of Dorididae. 45 branchiae; margin of mantle narrowly .edged with white; foot of same ultramarine blue as rest of body with a suffused median stripe of lighter blue upon dorsal surface of tail. Rhinophores perfoliate with 12 to 14 leaves, clavus slightly darker blue than the body of the animal, retractile within low sheaths with smooth margins. Branchiae 9 to 11, simply pinnate, slightly lighter in color than the mantle, completely retractile within low sheaths with smooth margins. Length, 22 mm. Radula? Reproductive system ? . The above external characters are taken from my notes of 1894 and based upon the one specimen alluded to. The paper of Cockerell gives nothing as to the anatomy of this beautiful creature, a gap which I hope soon to be able to fill. Until this is done little can be said authoritatively as to whether or not this and the 2 other species of Chromodoris described by Cockerell are distinct from the 2 California species already described byBergh (1879, 1894). 10. Doriopsis fulva sp. nov. Type from Monterey Bay, Calif. No. 181,286, U. S. National Museum. Body elongate elliptical, the mantle equally rounded in front and behind, slightly depressed, soft, dorsum with low papilla-like elevations nearly all of which bear a small central white fleck. General body-color a rich yellow, foot and under side of mantle slightly lighter, rhinophores darker, branchial plumes yellowish white; mantle margin wide, thin, crenulate, extending well beyond the foot ; anterior edge of foot bilabiate, the upper lip deeply notched ; mouth opening very small, pore-like ; oral tentacles very small, adnate to under surface of mantle, directed forward. Length up to 65 mm. ; breadth to 30 mm. ; height, 12 to 15 mm. Rhinophores not large, perfoliate with 18 to 20 leaves, retractile into sheaths with smooth thin margins; branchial plumes 5, tripinate, wide spreading, retractile within a sheath with high flaring margin ; oral arma ture and radula absent as in this genus. Glans penis cylindro-conical, thickly set with strongly curved hooks arranged in quincunx and con tinued down the cavity of the vas deferens for about .18 mm. One of the commonest Nudibranchs in Monterey Bay. Abundant in tide-pools during the summer months, less so in the winter but never en tirely absent. It is barely possible that this species is identical with the Doris olbopunctata of Cooper from Santa Barbara and Santa Catalina Island, the general color ation being similar. Other poin,ts in his brief description are, however, decidedly at variance, and in the absence of his original type specimens the identification is very difficult. 11. Aegires albopunctatus sp. nov. Type from Monterey Bay, Calif. No. 181,281, U. S. National Museum. Body arched, not at all depressed, robust, highest and broadest just in 46 MacFarland Preliminary Account of Dorididas. front of the branchial plumes and sloping rapidly into the broad bluntly rounded tail, in front more gradually ; dorsum everywhere thickly set in irregular rows with short blunt tubercles, cylindrical or with slightly ex panded apices; frontal margin narrow, closely set with tubercles continued behind the rhinophores as a tuberculate ridge diminishing in prominence, the dorso-lateral ridge being posteriorly marked only by an irregular row of tubercles curving upward toward the median line behind the branchiae and meeting the mid-dorsal row of the tail ; foot narrow, linear, the sides nearly parallel, in front truncate, undivided, behind tapering abruptly. Ground-color white or yellowish-white, with irregularly scattered small dark brown spots, or entirely white ; dorsum and sides sprinkled every where between the tubercles with minute dots of pure white. Mouth small, inconspicuous, oral tentacles small lobe-like ; rhinophores simple, cylindrical, truncate, completely retractile within prominent tuber cular sheaths, the margin high on the outer side, low on the inner; be tween the rhinophores a median longitudinal row of tubercles ; branchial plumes 3, small, tripinnate, each one protected by a large irregularly tuber culate lobe on its outer side. Length of large individual 13 mm. ; width, 3.5 mm. ; height, 4 mm. In the roof of the mouth a broad thick quadrangular mandibular plate, the anterior edge thick and straight, the posterior thin and rounded; a narrow girdle of fine rod-like cuticular thickenings guarding the opening; radula broad, deeply grooved; teeth in 16 to 22 rows of 17 teeth each; rhachis narrow, naked, pleural teeth 17, similar in form, strongly hooked, the shaft with the usual thin wing-like process on the inner margin. Glans penis and canal of vas deferens clothed with very minute, densely- set hooks. Found under overhanging rocks between tide marks. Very sluggish in movement, avoids the light and soon dies in captivity. Laila gen. nov. Body depressed; frontal and lateral margins narrow, set with club- shaped papillae ; rhinophores retractile ; clavus perfoliate ; branchial plumes few, tripinnate, non-retractile into sheath, tentacles blunt, canaliculate ; a flattened sub-marginal ridge on each side of anterior end of body just be hind and above the tentacles; no labial armature nor mandibles; radula not narrow, the rhachis with a single series of flattened spurious teeth ; first pleural tooth slender, hook-like, the second large, the remainder smaller, flattened. Glans penis armed. This new genus is proposed for the reception of the following described form as its type. It is allied to the genera Triopha Johnston and Jssa Bergh, but differs from the first in the character of the frontal appendages and in the presence of spurious teeth upon the radula. From /ssa it differs in the absence of mandibles, and from both in the presence of the sub-marginal flattened ridge or lobe. MacFarland Preliminary Account of Dorididx. 47 12. Laila cockerelli sp. nov. Type from Monterey Bay, Calif. No. 181,290, U. S. National Museum. Body elongate, depressed, the ends rounded, back slightly convex, man tle margin prominent, overlapping the foot everywhere except behind; mantle margin bearing closely set, stout club-shaped papillae, 1 to 6 mm. in length, arranged in short oblique rows of 3 or 4 in each, increasing progres sively in size from the outermost inward ; each papilla supported by an axial column of stout spicules; median portion of dorsum with numerous low scattered tubercles of varying size. Head wide, sloping above, the frontal margin prominent, bearing papillae similar to those of the mantle sides, the mouth opening large with con spicuous fleshy plicated lips ; beneath the mantle margin on each side of the head a fleshy, flap-like sub-pallial ridge its anterior end just behind and slightly above the base of the oral tentacles; length of ridge, 2 mm., width, 5 mm., its edge smooth, the ends rounded ; oral tentacles cylindrical- conical, truncate, the upper surface grooved. Anterior margin of foot deeply bilabiate ; rhinophores perfoliate with about 13 leaves, retractile within smooth margined sheaths; branchial plumes 5, non-retractile into cavity, tripinnate. General body-color yellowish white, slightly translucent; clavus of rhinophores, processes of mantle margin and tail tipped with deep orange- red, the branchial plumes and median dorsal region occasionally flecked with the same; dorsum marked with an irregular network of transparent lines, the effect of the multitudinous spicules shining through the skin. Total length of largest specimen, 20 mm. ; width, 7 mm. ; height, 6 mm. Radula nearly colorless, broad with wide median groove. Teeth in 76 to 82 rows ; rhachis narrow, with a single series of colorless flattened plates ; pleural teeth 2, the first one a single slender strongly curved vertical hook fitting closely to the second pleural tooth which is strong and heavy, the shaft irregular in form bearing at the anterior end 2 strongly hooked cusps, the inner one smaller, the 2 together forming a crescentic figure ; the lower (posterior) end of the shaft with a slight wing-like elevation on its outer face; uncinal teeth 10 to 13 in number, closely set, pavement- like, presenting from above an arched quadrangular outline, the first 4 with 2 pointed cusps at the posterior angles, much reduced and finally disap pearing in the outer ones which become transformed into flattened plates. Glans penis long, cylindrical, armed with 10 to 12 irregular rows of minute thorn-like hooks. Occurring under shelving rocks between tide marks along the coast. Not rare. Much smaller individuals of the same species have been col lected at San Pedro, Calif, by Prof. T. D. A. Cockerell for whom the species is named. 48 MacFarland Preliminary Account of Dorididas. 13. Triopha carpenter! Stearns. Triopa Cnrpenteri Stearns. Descriptions of a New Genus and Two New Species of Nudibranchiate Mollusks from the Coast of California, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 1873, 78, fig. 2. Triopha Carpenteri Stearns. Bergh, Nudibranchiate Gasteropod Mollusca of the North Pacific Ocean, with Special Reference to Alaska, II, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Phila., 1880, 113. Triopha Carpenteri Stearns. Bergh, System der Nudibranchiaten Gastero- poden, 1892, 148. Body limaciform, robust, anteriorly obtusely rounded, posteriorly rather bluntly pointed; head obliquely flattened, lunate with a narrow frontal margin laterally continued into the less conspicuous dorso-lateral ridge and bearing along its whole length a series of irregularly lobed or tuberculate papillae; scattered upon the minutely granuliferous dorsum many large and small simple or compound tubercles, often tending to form a median series in the anterior part of the dorsum. General body-color white, in clined to yellowish above, often sprinkled with minute white spots borne upon very small tubercles ; tips of branchiae, clavus of rhinophores, ap pendages of frontal and lateral margins and numerous scattered tubercles of the dorsum a deep orange color ; numerous irregular blotches of orange also scattered along the sides of the animal in no regular arrangement ; region of body beneath the gill-plumes darker, caused by the deep brown liver shining through the skin. Rhinophores perfoliate, with 20 to 30 leaves, retractile into prominent sheaths, the margins of which are thin, smooth or slightly wavy in outline ; Branchiae 5, large, tri-pinnate, spreading non-retractile into sheaths; ten tacles short, stout, auriform, their outer borders with a longitudinal groove; oral armature a triangular brownish-yellow mandibular plate on either side made up of closely set slightly curved blunt rods; radula broad, deeply grooved, dark amber in color ; teeth in 33 rows ; rhachis broad with four rows of flattened plates (spurious teeth) ; of these the inner 2 rows are quad rangular, the outer rows more triangular in form, the rounded and slightly thickened anterior margin being narrower than the posterior one, the outer margin prolonged backward, especially in the posterior part of the radula ; pleural teeth yellow, strongly hooked, of nearly uniform shape and size, the number varying in different individuals from 9 to 18 ; base of each hook with a wing-like process; uncini quadrilateral in general outline, varying from 9 to 18 in number in different individuals, with a conspicu ous longitudinal crest decreasing in size toward the outer uncini and dis appearing entirely in the outermost ones. Glans penis armed with minute thickly set hooks. Length of large individual, 60 mm.; greatest height, 29 mm.; greatest width, 15 mm. Maximum height of dorso-lateral processes, 3 mm. Found on brown kelp of the fucoid zone and in rocky tide-pools every where along the coast of Monterey Bay. The commonest Nudibranch of the region and one of the most conspicuous. MacFarland Preliminary Account of Dorididte. 49 The fragmentary description of Stearns (1873) is based entirely upon ex ternal features but is amply sufficient to render certain the indentification of living specimens, especially as they are taken from the same locality as that from which Stearns secured his original specimens. The structure of the radula shows that it is distinct from T. modesta Bergh, with which it has been united by the latter author in his paper upon Alaskan Nudi- branchs. No. 181,291, U. S. National Museum. Monterey Bay, Calif. 14. Triopha maculata sp. nov. Type from Monterey Bay, Calif. No. 181,276, U. S. National Museum. Body limaciform, the back passing insensibly into the sides save for the line of processes which indicate the boundary. Sides slightly compressed, foot linear, bluntly rounded in front, less so behind ; head flattened, slop ing to the wide semicircular frontal margin which bears a fringe of from 10 to 12 short stout processes, each branching at its distal end into several blunt or knob-like divisions each of which may be branched in turn ; dorso- lateral margin with a similar series of 4 to 6 short branched processes con tinuous forward into the frontal marginal series ; tail rapidly sloping from branchial region, highly arched ; color of dorsum and sides yellowish brown, varying from light to dark, thickly set everywhere with small bluish white oval spots each forming the center of a very low polygonal eminence bounded by very narrow orange yellow lines upon the dark brown background ; foot below orange-yellow shading off above on the sides into the deeper brown of the dorsum ; frontal and dorso-lateral pro cesses and tips of branchiae, margin of rhinophore sheaths and clavus bright orange-red or vermillion ; oral tentacles auriform, deeply grooved on upper side, truncate ; rhinophores stout, perfoliate with about 18 leaves, retractile into high sheaths with smooth or slightly crenulate margins; branchiae 5, tripinnate, low, wide spreading; mandibular plates dark yellow, triangular, made up of short flexible blunt rodlets ; radula broad, deeply grooved, light yellow ; teeth in 14 rows ; rachis broad with 4 series of flat tened plates, the 2 innermost rows being quadrangular in shape, the ante rior margin smooth, thickened, the 2 outer rows flattened, triangular, the central region more or less thickened and the lower inner angle occasion ally prolonged into a slight cusp; pleurae 4 or 5, large, strongly hooked, of nearly the same size and shape ; uncini 7 or 8, the first ones slightly pris matic in form gradually becoming reduced to flattened plates; a well de veloped slightly oblique crest directed toward the median line is borne by all except the outermost two or three uncini. Glans penis armed with thickly set hooks. Measurements of the longest specimen taken : length, 22 mm.; width, 10 mm.; extreme height, 11 mm. Abundant in tide-pools all along the coast of Monterey Bay. 50 MacFarland Preliminary Account of Dorididse. 15. Triopha grandis sp. nov. Type from Monterey Bay, Calif. No. 181,283, U. S. National Museum. Body large, not depressed nor compressed, plump, sloping rapidly back ward from heart region to tip of short blunt tail, more gently forward ; head flattened above with prominent semicircular frontal margin bearing 10 to 12 tuberculate or branched processes ; . dorso-lateral margin with 4 to 6 similar processes ; dorsum arched, smooth, of a yellowish brown color flecked everywhere with bluish spots or entirely plain, the tips of the pro cesses of frontal and dorso-lateral margins, tips of branchiae and tip of tail yellowish-red ; foot linear, rounded in front, tapering to blunt tail behind ; tentacles blunt, auriform, 3 mm. long; rhinophores rather large, perfoliate with about 20 leaves, retractile within conspicuous smooth-margined sheaths ; branchia 5, tri- and quadripinnate, wide spreading. Length of largest specimen : 80 mm.; width, 25 mm.; height, 30 mm. Mandibles elongate triangular, light yellow, much reduced in size, made up of short slender slightly curved rodlets; radula broad, deeply grooved, the teeth deep amber in color; rachis broad with 4 series of flattened plates, the 2 median rows nearly equilaterally rectangular, thickened transversely in anterior half into a cutting ridge from which a fainter longi tudinal ridge extends toward the anterior margin, the plates of the 2 outer series triangular and bearing a heavy blunt cusp sloping gradually forward on inner posterior portion ; pleurae 7 or 8 in number, strongly hooked of nearly equal size, with small wing on basal portion of shaft ; uncini 8, pris matic, flattened, the inner 4 of nearly the same size, the outer 4 rapidly decreasing, the outermost being nearly rudimentary, each bearing a low longitudinal wing-like crest projecting toward the median line. Herma phroditic duct very long, together with its slightly larger ampulla meas uring about 60 mm. in an average specimen ; the spermatic duct passes into the large, flattened prostate gland almost at its origin and beyond this gland dilates into the long, cylindro-conical ampulla, 5 mm. in length by 2 mm. extreme diameter at proximal end ; glans penis and distal end of vas deferens lined with closely-set minute hooks; spermatotheca very large, 10 mm. in diameter, spermatocyst elongate, pear-shaped. This species has been taken only upon the brown kelps, Nereocyitit and Macroci/stis, at some distance from shore. It has never been taken in tide- pool collecting where the 2 above described species are common. 16. Polycera atra sp. nov. Type from Monterey Bay, Calif. No. 181,27-8, U. S. National Museum. Body limaciform, smooth, plump, highest in cardiac region ; head rather high, sloping in front, expanded into a moderately wide horseshoe-shaped frontal margin bearing 4 long slender processes ; at the sides below the rhinophores this frontal veil is slightly dilated and bears 1 or 2 short pointed, angular processes, laterally it is continued into a more or less con spicuous dorso-lateral ridge highest in the branchial region where it bears MacFarland Preliminary Account of Dorididee. 51 1 or 2 compressed pointed tubercles ; behind the branchiae the 2 lateral ridges unite in a low median crest to tip of tail ; branchiae 8, simply pin nate, non-retractile, tallest in front, decreasing regularly in size from in front backward; rhinophores stout, without sheaths, perfoliate; oral ten tacles very short, lobiform ; foot linear, the anterior angles prominent; general ground-color black, the dorsum and sides with numerous longitu dinal rows of yellow spots, more or less confluent into continuous lines, the intermediate spaces between the spots of each row greyish, also the basal portion of frontal veil and the foot of same color ; mandibles light yellow, very strong, each divided into a ventro-anterior cutting portion and a dorso- lateral arched wing; radula arnber to dark brown in color, rather deeply grooved ; teeth in 9 or 10 rows, the half rows not in a straight transverse line; rhachis naked ; pleurae 2, unequal, the first smaller than the second, alike in form, the shaft stout, flattened slightly, bearing a broad triangular wing directed toward the median line ; the hook broad, large, bent toward median line ; length of first tooth, 3 mm., the second .412 mm.; uncini 3, prismatic, triangular in section decreasing in size from within outward ; rarely a fourth rudimentary uncinus may be present. Glans penis closely set with minute hooks arranged in rows. Length of animal, up to 23 mm.; width to 6 mm.; greatest height, 7mm. Found on red algae (Gigartimi) in rocky tide-pools all along the southern coast of Monterey Bay; abundant. 17. Acanthodoris hudsoni sp. nov. Type from Point Pinos, Calif. No. 181,289, U. S. National Museum. Body plump, highly arched, slightly higher and broader in front than behind, oval ; dorsum soft villous, the papillae short, thickly set, bluntly conical ; mantle margin broad, thick ; general ground-color clear translu cent yellowish-white or pinkish, the papillae and branchiae tipped with lemon-yellow, the mantle edged with the same color; head wide, the oral tentacles broad triangular, a wide median anterior notch between them ; foot broad, rounded abruptly in front, much less so behind ; rhinophores long, tapering, clavus recurved ; perfoliate with about 24 leaves, the length of stalk and clavus nearly the same, retractile into low sheath with pa pillose margin ; branchiae 5, bipinnate, without sheath, widespread! ng; pharyngeal crop large, hemispherical, very thick-walled ; labial armature a pavement of minute hooks upon the lower and lateral walls of opening ; lowermost portion free from hooks and bearing a broad slightly concave cuticular plate, pointed behind, and forked anteriorly into 2 blade-like pro cesses which project beyond the margin of the opening, its total length being about .'J88 mm. Radula very narrow, deeply grooved; teeth in 27 rows; rhachis very narrow, naked ; first pleural tooth very large, upright, compressed, its base quadrangular in outline, the posterior border thin and wing-like, over lapping the succeeding tooth ; anterior lower margin very strongly thickened, rounded ; the upper anterior margin of the base prolonged upward into a strong nearly straight hook, the upper inner margin of which bears a 52 MacFarland Preliminary Account of Dorididse. series of 5 to 7 denticles decreasing in size from above downward ; in the most anterior teeth of the radula the denticles occasionally number 10 or 11, the lowermost 4 or 5 being extremely small. The remaining 5 or 6 pleurae are small and of nearly the same size, obliquely placed, upper margin prolonged into a slightly compressed blunt hook with a thin keel- like plate extending from its posterior median line to base, general shape being somewhat similar to first plural tooth. Total length of average first pleural tooth .370 mm., of the remaining pleurae .05 mm. Glans penis armed with very minute hooks. Taken in tide-pools at extreme low water near Point Pinos, the southern most point of Monterey Bay ; rare. Species named in recognition of the able work of my friend Capt. Chas. B. Hudson, Artist of the U. S. Bureau of Fisheries. 18. Acanthodoris brunnea sp. nov. Type from Monterey Bay, Calif. No. 181,293, U. S. National Museum. Body outline oval, convex, broadest in front in region of rhinophores ; mantle thickly set everywhere with blunt conical tubercles, its mantle broad and thick. General color of dorsum brown, flecked with irregular blotches of black ; between the tubercles numerous small spots of light lemon-yellow, the mantle edged with same color; tips of branchiae lemon-yellow; rhino phores deep, blue-black, tipped -with yellowish white ; ventral surface yellow sprinkled with fine black dots. Total length, 19 to 22 mm., .width, 9 to 15 mm. ; height, 7 to 9 mm. Head broad, continued laterally into the wide flat oral tentacles; foot oval, nearly quadrangular, both ends bluntly rounded ; rhinophores long, cylindro-conical inclined outward and forward, per foliate with 20 to 28 leaves, the lower ones in front only, retractile into low sheaths with lobed margins ; branchiae 7, wide-spreading, bipinnate, without sheath ; pharyngeal crop large, spherical, constricted longitudinally into 2 sym metrical sides ; labial armature an incomplete band of mosaic-like hooks incomplete above ; at the lower margin of the armature a single flattened slightly concave longitudinal plate, its margin blunt and freely projecting in front, extending across the whole labial armature ; radula narrow, the teeth in 24 to 28 rows, light yellow ; rhachis very narrow, naked ; first pleural tooth similar in form to that of the preceding species but decidedly smaller being but .342 mm. in total length ; upon its upper posterior border a squarish thickened shoulder directed obliquely upward ; inner border of the hook with a series of 14 to 19 denticles ; remaining 6 or 7 pleurae small, obliquely placed and decreasing regularly in size from within outward ; the first ones of these outer plates bear a flattened thickened dorsal border with a thin keel-like expansion below, the outer ones reduced to mere flattened plates. Glans penis armed with minute hooks. Dredged off hard sandy bottom in about 10 to 20 metres depth near Monterey ; rather rare. MacFarlmul Frelimwaiy Account of Dorididse. 53 19. Ancula pacifica sp. nov. from Monterey Bay, Calif. No. 181,280, U. S. National Museum. Body slightly compressed, smooth, limaciform, highest in front of bran chiae, tapering behind to tip of the long pointed tail, in front sloping less rapidly to the high rounded head. General ground-color clear translucent yellowish-white, a narrow median orange line on dorsum from between rhinophores to tip of tail, interrupted by the branchiae; upon the indis tinctly marked dorso-lateral margins a similar line extending from rhino phores backward, interrupted by the extra-branchial appendages and prolonged for a very short distance beyond the last one. Head bluntly rounded, the tentacles slender, short and blunt; Rhino phores without sheaths, large, perfoliate, with 9 leaves. At the base of the rhinophore two long slender finger-like processes, tipped with orange, extending obliquely forward and outward, nearly as long as the whole rhinophore; branchiae 3, bipinnate, in part tripinnate, without sheaths, tipped with orange; on each side of the branchiae on the dorso-lateral margin are borne 4 blunt club-shaped processes dilated above, their distal third light yellow. Length of largest individual taken, 16 mm.; width, 2 mm.; height, 3.5 mm. Pharyngeal crop spherical, prominent, connate; labial armature strong, of flattened blunt minutely serrulate hooks; radula narrow, colorless, the teeth in 35 rows increasing in size from front to back, the posterior teeth being twice the size of the anterior ones ; rhachis narrow, with a single series of flattened quadrangular plates ; these plates absent in the first 8 to 10 rows but constant in the remaining portion ; pleura! teeth 2, the inner most large with irregular base and concave triangular vertical body placed slightly obliquely to the median line; its inner margin thickened and bearing 11 to 17 sharp recurved denticles, and terminating above in a strong hook ; the outer pleural tooth triangular, thin below and thicker above, terminating in a strong apical hook. Glans penis with about 15 rows of extremely small hooks. Found on hydroids and bryozoa in tide-pools along southern shore of Monterey Bay; rare. Hopkinsia gen. nov. Form df body elongate-oval, very much depressed ; the dorsum thickly set with long papillae simple or occasionally forked ; pallial margin not set off from the sides of the body but sloping gradually down into the foot without any distinct boundary, anteriorly continued into a broad velar expansion formed by the fusion of the labial tentacles in front ; rhino phores non-retractile, perfoliate ; branchiae several, separate, simply pin nate plumes arranged in a horseshoe-shaped arc; the foot broad, its margin thin, undulating, in front deeply emarginate, behind forming a short broad blunt tail ; head broad, its tentacles very broad and thin, auriculate at the 54 MacFarland Preliminary Account of Dorididde. outer posterior angles, in front united into a veil with undulating margin ; labial armature a ring of very short thickened rods; radula very narrow^ the rhachis naked ; the first pleural tooth long, erect, hooked, the outer one flattened, horizontal, denticulate. Glans penis armed. This new genus is dedicated to Mr. Timothy Hopkins, through whose generous interest in Biology the foundation of the Hopkins Seaside Labora tory was rendered possible. Its type is the following new species. 20. Hopkinsia rosacea sp. nov. Type from Monterey Bay, Calif. No. 181,275, U. S. National Museum. General body outline elongate-elliptical, the ends abruptly rounded; mantle firm, densely spiculate, much depressed, sloping gradually outward to the thin margin of the foot, no mantle margin being present ; foot broad,, abruptly rounded behind, in front with a broad triangular notch with slightly thickened margin, the remaining margins thin and undulating ; head broad, the oral tentacles very broad and united in front forming a thin velar expansion with undulating margin, the rounded posterior angles slightly auriculate ; dorsum thicky set everywhere with long gently taper ing cylindrical soft papulae, the tips pointed or occasionally branched,, many one-half to two-thirds the length of the whole animal ; rhinophores perfoliate, cylindro-conical, without sheaths, perfoliate with about 20 leaves, the clavus making up three-fourths of whole rhinophore ; branchiae 7 to 14, erect, simply pinnate, separate, arranged in a semi-circle or horseshoe- form, the ends directed backward ; reproductive openings inconspicuous, on right sideopposite rhinophores just below the outermost row of papillae. Color everywhere a beautiful deep rose pink. Length of large individual, 29 mm. ; width, 16 mm. ; height of body alone, 5 mm. ; length of longest dorsal papillae, 18 mm. Pharyngeal crop strong, ellipsoidal, attached by a very short narrow petiole; labial armature a ring of short thick rodlets in tesselated arrange ment, width of armature, .4 mm; radula narrow, the teeth in 16 rows; rhachis very narrow, naked ; pleural teeth single erect, long, flattened, the base triangular, broad forming about one-third of whole length, the shaft flattened blade-like, at the distal end a small blunt hook, total length, .63 mm.; the single uncinal tooth is much smaller, thin, depressed, triangular, nearly horizontal, the posterior margin more or less pointed and irregularly denticulate, length, .08 or .09 mm. ; greatest width, .076 mm. Prostate gland very large, forming one-half of whole bulk of anterior genital mass ; glans penis armed with minute hooks. Occurring under shelving rocks between tide-marks all along the coast from Monterey to Point Lobos ; not rare. Stanford University, California. VOL. XVIII, PP 55-60 FEBRUARY 21, 1905 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON SOME WEST AMERICAN RED CHERRIES. BY EDWARD L. GREENE. According to standard treatises upon North American general systematic botany, the later as well as the earlier, we have in the United States and Canada only two, or possibly three species of genuine cherry; that is red-fruited kinds, bearing their flow ers in subumbellate or corymbose short clusters, as distinguished from the choke cherries genus Pad-us the fruits of which are almost or quite black, and are borne in long cylindric racemes. Our true cherries are supposed to be Cerasus Pennsylvanica of the Atlantic slope of the continent, and C. emarginata of the vaster and far more varied regions lying between the Rocky Mountains and the Pacific Ocean ; two species, one for the At lantic and one for the Pacific slope. That C. Pennsylvanica, one and indivisible as a species should range from Newfoundland to Florida, and from New England to Colorado, is a proposition not easily accepted. But that C. % emarginata or any other species of tree or shrub so highly organ ized, should occur all the way from the humid woodlands near the sea at Puget Sound, down to the heated and dry hills of the interior of California or the still more desert regions of south eastern California, Arizona, Utah and the Mexican border this is beyond the belief of any botanist familiar with those extreme diversities of soil, altitude, humidity and heat that mark dif ferent sections of the Pacific slope of the continent, and the Great Basin. 8 PROC. BIOL. Soc. WASH., VOL. XVIII, 1905. (55) 56 Greene Some West American Red Cherries. There was published in Hookers' Flora Boreali- Americana, some seventy years since, two new cherries from the Columbia River, C. emarginata and C. mollis. Some twenty years later Dr. Kellogg, of San Francisco, assuming the cherry-bush of the San Francisco Bay region to be the C. emarginata of Douglas, named as new the red cherry just then discovered to be indigen ous to middle elevations of the great Sierra Nevada. Precisely what Dr. Kelloggs' C. glandulosa was, one can not determine, no fewer than four species of the genus being now recognizable as inhabiting the Sierras of middle California ; but that is un important, since the name he assigned his species does not hold. In 1891, having seen the red-cherry trees and shrubs of the Columbia, and studied them on their native soil, I was able to perceive that the shrub of the hills of middle western California could not be referred to either of the Columbian species, and I described it in the Flora Franciscana as new, under the name C. Calif or nica. In 1903 there were sent in from the Mogollon Mountains of southern New Mexico, some branches with good foliage and ripe fruits of a cherry the investigation of which has led me to ex amine with care a large amount of herbarium material of these western red cherries lying in the National Herbarium, all of it under the name of C. emarginata. Noticing in the herbarium even, what I had long since ob served in the western field, considerable differences as to the size and outline of the drupes, I proceeded to extract and cleanse the nuclei or stones of these from different regions, finding to my great surprise that in these there seemed to reside good specific characters. I say to my surprise, because throughout the genus Cerasus as heretofore known, the stones are smooth and nearly or quite orbicular, hence not at all available for pur poses of specfic diagnosis. How very different the case is here, in these West American cherries, the descriptions following will show. Cerasus crenulata sp. nov. Shrub with rather rigid copiously leafy branches puberulent the first and second seasons, later glabrous, grayish ; leaves elongated, seldom with any hint of the obovate, on fruiting branches oblong or elliptic-oblong, Greene Some West American Red Cherries. 57 about 1 J inches long including the slender and not very short petiole, ob tuse or acutish, never emarginate, obviously and evenly crenulate, neither glabrous nor yet very distinctly puberulent, only the midvein conspicuous, basal gland rarely one and small, usually none, those of sterile shoots 2 inches long or more, exactly lanceolate, acute, subserrate-crenulate, usually with 2 small but well developed glands at the junction of blade and petiole ; corymbs short-peduncled , 4-flowered, pedicels and rachis minutely hirtellous ; calyx with glabrous campanulate tube and somewhat hairy truncate or emarginate, often more or less erose teeth ; drupes ovoid ; stone ovoid, 2J or 3 lines long, obtuse at both ends, obtusely and rather obscurely low- rugose. Mogollon Mountains, New Mexico, at 8,000 feet, Aug. 23, 1903, O. B. Metcalfe, as to the fruiting specimens, those in my herbarium to be taken as the type. The flowering specimens are from a not far distant locality in the Black Range, by the same collector, in the spring of 1904. The half grown leaves of these have a somewhat obovate-oblong outline, and it is possible that they may prove to be of another species. Cerasus arida sp. nov. Evidently a low shrub, the stout branches remarkably naked as to foliage, the bark of a dull dark-brown ; leaves and flowers borne very sparsely along short lengths of the season's growth of the main branches, or a few on some of the stout gnarled lateral branchlets, but these mostly only leafy ; all parts glabrous ; leaves rather dull-green, 1 to 1J inches long, obovate-oblong, obtuse or acutish, very faintly subserrate-crenulate ; glands at the very base of the blade large and obvious though often one only ; corymbs often represented by a solitary pedicel and flower, the largest only about 5-flowered ; calyx-tube sub-campanulate ; petals small ; fruit un known. Borders of desert at eastern base of the San Bernardino Mountain, Calif. S. B. Parish, June, 1894. In the nakedness and gnarled aspect of this shrub it recalls the genus Peraphyllum. Some of the lateral twigs an inch long represent a six or seven years' growth. Type in U. S. Herb. Cerasus prunifolia sp. nov. Shrub stout and rigid, the short branches grayish and glabrous after the second season, at* earlier stages very glaucous, as well as minutely hirtel lous- villous, this pubescence also clothing the rachis of the short and almost corymbose 5 to 8-flowered raceme, as also the pedicels and calyx ; small early leaves round-oval, 1 inch long, the later ones exactly obovate, short- petioled, 1J to 2^ inches long, 1^ inches broad above the middle, obtuse or acutish, crenulate, glabrous above, hairy beneath along the veins, less so 58 Greene Some West American Red Cherries. between them, one sub-basal gland usually present but small, sometimes 2, as often none ; calyx-tube campanulate, 10-striate, the deflexed oblong- oval segments nearly equalling the tube ; fruit unknown. At 8,000 feet in the mountains of Fresno Co., Calif., Hall & Chandler, June, 1900, distributed to U. S. Herb, under No. 385. Remarkable for broad leaves like those of a plum tree. Cerasus rhamnoides sp. nov. Larger than the last, rather more pubescent, some downy hairiness ap parent on young branches ; leaves oval to obovate-oblong, the larger 2i inches long, apt to be acutish, crenulate, both mid vein and pinnate veins obvious beneath ; corymbs sub-sessile, about 5-flowered ; drupes oval ; stone elongate-ovoid, 3 lines long, acutish at apex, margin on the one side little elevated, the whole surface smooth. Mud Springs, A mad or Co., Calif., Geo. Hansen, 1893, being his No. 1474, as in U. S. He^b. The only western true cherry known to me of which the stones are smooth. They are also remarkably long and narrow. The foliage is larger than in other species of the Sierra Nevada, and re sembles that of Rhamnus Californica. Cerasus Kelloggiana sp. nov. Cerasus emarginata Greene, Flora Franciscana, 50, in part, not of Douglas ; probably C. glandulosa Kell., Proc. Calif. Acad i, 59, 1855, not of Loiseleur, 1818. Shrub with slender red-brown branches glabrous, at least after the first season ; leaves oval or obovate on fruiting branches, lanceolate on sterile shoots, serrulate, 1 to 2 inches long, glabrous above, scarcely pubescent be neath except along the veins, even here only sparingly so ; corymbs short, subsessile, 4 or 5-flowered; calyx-tube campanulate, segments short, obtuse; drupes small, round-ovoid, scarlet; stone ovoid, barely 3 lines long, mucronately acute at apex, slightly one-sided by a narrow obtuse margin, very distinctly rugose around the base, the wrinkles faint above, though obviously anastomosing. Types : Mrs. Austin's specimens of 1896 in U. S. Herb., the flowering ones from mountains east of Chico, California, collected in June ; the fruiting, from near Quincy, in September, both from the middle Sierra Nevada. Another sheet is from a little southward of these localities, namely at Emi grant Gap, this by M. E. Jones, June 28, 1882. It was from this region that Dr. Kellogg had his C. glandulosa ; but that it was this present species must remain doubtful. His description seems to call for a shrub more pubescent, even as to the branches, than anything now known from that part of California; though that may not be of so much importance. Greene Some West American Red Cherries. 59 Cerasus padifolia sp. nov. Shrub glabrous in every part except the caducous stipules, these in their time glandular ciliolate ; leaves of flowering branches quite copious, I to 1| inches long, obovate-oblong, obtuse, tapering to the short-petiole, mi nutely crenulate, the mid vein beneath conspicuous, the pinnate veins less so ; corymbs fastigiate, about 7 to 9-iiowered, on peduncles of J inch or less, the pedicels rather longer ; calyx-tube turbinate, one-third longer than the deflexed segments, these oblong-ovate, very obtuse or even truncate ; petals not large, round-obovate above the tapering base. Foothills at Cait-on City, Nevada, June 2, 1897, Marcus E. Jones. Type in U. S. Herb. Though in flower only, the specimens, by their ample fastigiate inflorescence and long slender calyx-tube with short segments, refuse to be consociated with those of any other western cherry. Cerasus obliqua sp. nov. Slender red and shining leafy branches nearly glabrous, clothed with only sparse appressed hairs; leaves of fruiting branches mostly obovate- oblong and obtuse, rarely emarginate, crenulate, 2 or 1\ inches long, glab rous above, sparsely short-hairy beneath both along the veins and else where, those of sterile branches lanceolate, acutish, not larger than the others; flowers not seen; drupe evidently subglobose; stone obliquely ovoid, obtuse at both ends, prominently but obtusely rugose, inequilateral at base by the strong development' of thick margin below the middle. Known to me in but a single sheet of specimens in U. S. Herb, obtained at Oroville, Calif., Oct. 2, 1896, by H. E. Brown. Strongly marked by the characters of its pubescence and oblique thick-margined stones ; and these specimens are the only ones known or heard of by me of any cherry from the plains or foot-hills of the interior valley of California. Cerasus parvifolia sp. nov. Slender shrub, either fastigiately or more widely branching; branches red-brown and polished, puberulent at first, when mature glabrous, copi ously leafy; leaves small, short-petioled, those of fructiferous branches cuneate-obovate to oblong-cuneiform, \ to 1 inch long, thinnish, obtuse but never emarginate, finely crenulate, those of sterile shoots larger, I to \\ inches long, broadly elliptic, acute, all faintly puberulent when young, still more obscurely so in age, notably white-venulose beneath, suprabasal glands mostly wanting altogether, occasionally present in reduced form ; flowers unknown ; drupe ovoid ; stone about 3 or o\ lines long, narrowly ovoid, very acute at apex, equilateral, one side with a broad flat marginal development, the other showing a mere impressed line, surface w r ith several traces of longitudinal ridges radiating about the base but soon vanishing, otherwise smooth, or wholly smooth, and showing no traces of rugosity. 60 Greene Some West American Red Cherries. Known only from the vicinity of Mt. Shasta, California, the specific type being best represented in a sheet collected on the south side of Mt. Shasta. July, 1897, by H. E. Brown, being sheet No. 324,667, U. S. Herb. In this the diminutive spiraea-like leaves are of the smallest, and the stones, of the drupes are perfectly smooth, though less emphatically acute than in those collected by Mr. Pringle somewhere in the same general region, August 28, 1882. In his specimens the stones, which are very acute, are a little larger, and show at base the hints of rugosity described. Other specimens from " Mt. Shasta and vicinity " were collected by Dr. Palmer in July, 1892, but these are past flowering, yet without mature fruit. Cerasus obtusata sp. nov. Shrub stoutish and with rather rigid copiously leafy branches, and gla brous in all its parts; leaves of fruiting branches narrowly obovate, obtuse, near emarginate, very obscurely subserrate-crenulate, 1 to 1| inches long, only the midvein prominent, seldom with even a faint trace of one supra- basal gland ; corymbs short, subsessile, about 4-flowered ; flowers not seen ; drupe scarlet, subglobose ; stone ovate, even broadly so, 2 J lines long, ab ruptly acutish at apex, marked with a few prominent though not acute rugosities. The type is from Silvies, on the border of the arid interior of southeast ern Oregon, by David Griffiths and E. L. Morris, August, 1901, sheet No. 402,822, U. S. Herb. The only other specimens of Cerasus from this climatic region seen by me are from Steins Mountains, both collected in 1896, one by Mr. Coville, the other by Mr. Leiberg. They are evidently from differ ent sections of this isolated mountain range, and seem as if representing each another species ; but the specimens were taken at the wrong season of the year for showing either flowers or fruit. They are past flowering altogether, while in neither is the fruit full-grown. C. emarginata, the counterpart of C. obtusata in northern Oregon and Washington, is not glabrous, its leaves are comparatively narrow and twice as large, also emarginate, and with well developed suprabasal glands, while its nucleus has never been described as otherwise than smooth. Cerasus trichopetala sp. nov. Stoutish branches glabrous, the younger red and shining, the older gray; leaves at flowering time obovate-elliptic, very acute, about 1 inches long, obscurely subserrate-crenulate, glabrous ; flowers large, in subsessile cor ymbs of about 5, the rachis, pedicels and calyx glabrous, the large round- obovate petals appressed-villous externally at base and up and down the middle part; mature foliage not seen; stone obliquely ovoid, the thick ventral margin much elevated, the rugosity obtuse, low, obscurely reticu late. Type in U. S. Herb., from Columbia Falls, Montana, by R. S. Williams, in flower May 24, 1894. VOL. XVIII, pp. 61-64 FEBRUARY 21, 1905 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON PRELIMINARY DESCRIPTIONS OF THREE NEW BIRDS FROM ST. VINCENT, WEST INDIES. BY AUSTIN H. CLARK. On working up a collection of birds obtained by myself on the island of St. Vincent during 1903-04, I find three forms apparently well worthy of recognition. All three of these birds appear to be rare in collections, which possibly accounts for their not having been previously characterized. Two (Urubitinga anthracina cancrivora nob. and Holoquiscahis dispar nob.) are only known from St. Vincent, although the former possibly occurs on St. Lucia and Dominica ; Buteo antillarum nob. has. an extensive West Indian range, and may be found to be separ able into several local races. Holoquiscalus dispar sp. nov. "BARBADOS" BLACKBIRD. BEQUIA SWEET. Type. From Kingstown, St. Vincent, Oct. 31, 1903. No. 12,802, female adult, coll. E. A. and O. Bangs. Characters. Bill much as in H. inflexirostris of St. Lucia; longer and more compressed than in H. martinicensis of Martinique. The male is similar in color to the males of both these species, but the female is very different from either, being even darker than the female of H. fortirostris of Barbados, though somewhat like it in color. In size the bird is a little smaller than H. martinicensis. MEASUREMENTS. Culmen mm. Wing mm. Tail mm. 106.5 Tarsus mm. No. 12,801 Topotype : adult c? 28.2 118.0 33.2 No. 12,803 9 24.0 93.0 29.6 No. 12,802 Type 9 23.0 92.5 77.5 30.0 9 PKOC. BIOL. Soc. WASH., VOL. XVIII, 1905. (61) 62 Clark Three New Birds from the West Indies. Distribution. Island of St. Vincent ; confined to the vicinity of Kings town, and neighboring windward district. Buteo antillarum sp. nov. ANTILLEAN CHICKEN HAWK. GREE-GREE. Type. From Chateaubelair, St. Vincent (British West Indies), Sept. 24, 1903. No. 12,852, male adult, coll. E. A . and O. Bangs. Characters. Somewhat similar to Buteo platypterus Vieill., but smaller and more rufous, the rufous edgings to the feathers above wider, the under- parts more rufous, and the thighs buff, more thickly barred than in B. platypterus. In the young the ground color below is buffy white, becoming darker on the abdomen and thighs. Iris yellowish white in all stages, not brown as in B. platypterus. Cere yellow. Feet orange yellow. Bill dark slaty. MEASUREMENTS. Wing Tail Tarsus mm. mm. B. antillarum Type tf St. Vincent B. platypterus 9 9 c?* Dominica rf c? 9 9 c? Panama (winter) 248 244 240 272 256 254 253 258 252 244 251 252 278 270 264 275 154 154 152 165 163 151 154 154 159 156 156 165 171 158 160 170 mm. 55 54 53 55 53 55 54 62 59 59 60 60 60 61 63 61 * The sex as marked on the specimens from Dominica appears to be questionable in some instances. Clark Three New Birds from the West Indies. 63 A comparison between the specimens from St. Vincent and others from the island of Dominica, kindly loaned by Dr. Louis B. Bishop, shows that the Dominica bird is darker and more sooty above, more heavily marked on the breast, and deeper buff on the underparts, suggesting the presence of a good local race on that island. All the birds were obtained in October and September. The iris of the Dominica birds is given as white (A. H. Verrill, collector). I have examined a specimen from Cuba (in the collection of Messrs. E. A. and 0. Bangs) which agrees very well with the St. Vincent examples except in size. It is marked " male," but is the size of the females from St. Vincent. There is a possibility that the bird is wrongly sexed. While on the island of Carriacou in the Grenadines, I had an opportu nity of examining, through the kindness of Dr. Dunbar B. B. Hughes, a number of eggs of this bird, in the collection of the late Mr. John Grant Wells, which were obtained in Grenada. Six sets were represented. The eggs are dull bluish white, unspotted. The natives at St. Vincent also in formed me that this bird laid unspotted eggs. Distribution. Grenada, Bequia (Grenadines), St. Vincent, St. Lucia, Dominica, and probably other of the lesser Antilles ; Cuba. ? Porto Rico Urubitinga anthracina cancrivora subsp. nov. WEST INDIAN BLACK HAWK. CRABIER. Type. From Barrouallie, St. Vincent, Jan. 22, 1904. No. 12,804, female adult, coll. E. A. and O. Bangs. Characters. Bill longer and relatively narrower, with more produced tip than in true U. anthracina from the mainland ; feathers of hind neck and back spotted with buff and white (in U. a. anthracina the hind neck is spotted with whitish, but there is very little if any on the back) ; gen eral color deeper black than in the mainland form. This bird inhabits the higher wooded valleys of St. Vincent, keeping near the ground. It is rarely seen far from water. The type specimen was presented to me by Mr. John F. H. Otway, the Colonial Postmaster of St. Vincent. VOL. XVIII, PP. 65-72 FEBRUARY 21, 1905 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON NOTES ON BAHAMA BATS. BY GLOVER M. ALLEN, This is the second of a series of short papers based on mate rial collected mainly during July , 1 904 , among the Bahamas . The writer, in company with Mr. Thomas Barbour and Mr. Owen Bryant, spent some ten days on the island of New Providence, and about three weeks among the northern islands of the Bahama group. Everywhere, inquiries were made that might lead to the discovery of bat colonies, but although many caves were visited which we were assured contained bats, only a few of these were found to be inhabited by them. The limestone rock of the Bahamas is quite suitable for cave formation. At several places, notably Hurricane Hole, Great Abaco, and Cedar Harbor, Little Abaco, there were series of rather open caverns in bluffs by the shore . These caverns varied in height from two or three feet to ten feet or mo re, often with curious cylindrical pits in their roofs. Others, again, were hollows in the ground of a more well-like nature, and sometimes led off at an angle from the opening. But not every cave is suitable as a resting- place for bats. In our experience a prime necessity of a bat cave is that it shall have a chamber sufficiently far from the entrance, or so situated past a turn, as to exclude all daylight. Apparently it is of less importance whether the entrance be in the side of a hill or burrow-like from a level surface. In several 10-Pnoc. BIOL. Soc. WASH., VOL. XVII, 1905. (65) 66 Allen Notes on Bahama Bats. cases we were informed that certain caves had been inhabited by bats for a great many years, indicating that they appreciate such places as are suited to their needs. On the island of New Providence, however, we made a journey into the interior to examine some caves on the large estate of Mr. Gladstone, Pri vate Secretary of the Governor. This gentleman assured us that in March these caves were inhabited by numerous bats, and that he had visited them at that time with a party. But when we arrived, some four months later, not a bat could we find after careful search among the narrow passages leading back into the hill. Apparently no bats had been in the cave for some time, and we wondered if possibly it were inhabited at certain seasons only, by species that had migrated thither from elsewhere. Six species of bats were collected by the members of our party . Although none of these are new, yet it is believed that the notes on their habits and distribution here offered may prove of value. The bat fauna of the Bahamas is made up of elements some what similar in character to those composing the avifauna. Thus, the brown bat (Vespertilio fuscus bahamensis) is a repre sentative of a North American species of wide distribution on the continent. The red bat (Lasiurus borealis seminolus) is also a representative of a wide-ranging North American species. On .the other hand, there are species representing genera whose dis tribution is mainly the West Indies and the tropical and sub tropical portions of the mainland. Such are the house bat (Nyc- tinomus bahamensis), the big-eared bat (Otopterus waterhousii compressus) , and the straw-colored bat ( Chilonatalus tumidifrons) . A fourth species belonging to this second class is Glossophaga soricina antillarum, a skull of which has been recorded by Mr. J. A. G. Rehn from the Bahamas. A third class is represented by Phyllonycteris plamfrons, which belongs' to a genus appa rently confined to the. West Indies. I wish to express my thanks to the authorities of the United States National Museum for the loan of specimens for compari son. All the bats collected by our expedition have been pre sented to the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, Mass. Following is a list of the six species obtained by our party, with notes : Allen Notes on Bahama Bats. 67 Vespertilio fuscus bahamensis Miller. Vespertilio fuscus bahamensis Miller. North Amer. Fauna, No. 13, p. 101 , figs. 246,256,266. Oct. 16, 1897. On June 29 we discovered a small colony of these bats in one of the under ground chambers of old Fort Charlotte, at Nassau, New Providence. This is the type-locality for the subspecies, and we did not meet with it else where. The bats were clustered in a cone-shaped cavity in the ceiling where the limestone rock of the dungeon had become broken away. They were not at all inclined to leave their retreat, but when disturbed simply endeavored to crawl still farther back into the cleft. By placing a net over the opening of this cavity we were able to dislodge a number into it with the aid of a pole. Of the 24 specimens preserved, 8 are adult males and 4 are adult females, 4 are young males and 8 are young females. Lasiurus borealis seminolus (Rhoads). Atalapha borealis seminola Rhoads. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Phila., 1895, p. 32. Lasiurus borealis seminolus Miller. North Amer. Fauna, No. 13, p. 109, Oct. 16, 1897. ? Lasiurus borealis pfeifferi (Gundlach) Miller. North Amer. Fauna, No. 13, p. 110, Oct. 16, 1897, Part. A single female specimen of the Red Bat was captured by Mr. Bryant in the first week of August, at Nassau, where it had flown into a dwelling-house. The specimen was skinned out from alcohol after a two months' immer sion and both skin and skull were then carefully compared with specimens of L. 6. seminolus from Enterprise, Fla. The Bahama specimen is practi cally indistinguishable in color and proportions from the small, mahogany- red Florida race, and the skulls of the two also agree. When Mr. Miller wrote his Review of the Vespertilionidae of North America, he had but a single skull of the Red Bat from the Bahamas. This skull (from Nassau) he referred doubtfully to the Cuban subspecies, L. 6. pfeifferi. Our speci men, however, seems referable to the Florida form. Nyctinomus bahamensis Rehn. Nyctinomus baJiamensis Rehn. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Phila., 1902, p. 641. This bat was recently described by Mr. J. A. G. Rehn on the basis of specimens from the islands of Eleuthera and Little Abaco. We found a large colony at the latter island and a second at Marsh Harbor, on Great Abaco. In both these cases the bats had established themselves in build ings used as stores and roofed with fluted sheets of galvanized iron. The fluting offered small holes for entrance to the space left between the sheathing and the exterior of the building, and here the little creatures 68 Allen Notes on Bahama Bats. were clustered in most cases quite beyond our reach. One or two individ uals, however, I captured in my hands between the rafters and the roofing. Both colonies were visited during the daytime and seemed much awake, as a constant sharp chippering came from their quarter. Their musty odor, characteristic of this family of bats, as well as their continual ill-natured bickering drive the store-keepers to smoke them out at intervals. As many as 500 were said to have been smoked out and beaten down just previous to our visit to the Great Abaco colony. Notwithstanding this destruction, there seemed to be still a considerable remnant. One female specimen taken July 7, at Marsh Harbor, contained a large foetus nearly ready for birth. The bat colony at Little Abaco inhabited the space between the sheathing and the roofing at the store of Mr. Roberts. On the evening of July 10, shortly after sunset, I stationed myself outside the building to observe the animals as they came forth for their nightly foray. The squeaking and scrambling underneath the roof had now become much louder than before. As nightfall approached, the commotion grew more intense, and presently one or two bats swooped out from beneath the roof ing and flew swiftly away into the dusk. Singly, or two and three at a time, from all sides of the building they now came forth and dispersed in different directions. Shortly after, a slight shower came on and with it a breeze, but although I watched until it was quite dark, a large number of the bats were evidently staying in their shelter, as evidenced by their squeaks and scratching. Mr. Roberts told me that he had sometimes observed them streaming back to their roost at a little before sunrise in the morning, and further, that on windy or rainy nights but few seemed to leave the shelter of the building. In the series of 6 skins preserved there is a slight variation in color that appears to be correlated with sex, for the females are a uniform Prouts' brown, while the males are nearly a Broccoli brown. Chilonatalus tumidifrons Miller. Chilonaiulustumidifrons'M.iller. Proc. Biol. Soc., Washington, vol. 16, p. 119, Sept. 30, 1903. Mr. Miller has recently made known this delicately-formed species from four specimens collected July 12, 1903, at Watling's Island by the Bahama Expedition of the Geographical Society of Baltimore. It is with pleasure, therefore, that we are able to report it from a second locality, Great Abaco, thus extending the known range some 200 miles northwest, to the north ern islands of the group. Our colony inhabited a cave at Israel's Point, on the northeastern shore of the island. The entrance to this cave was through a narrow sloping passage, leading down with a slight turn to a small underground chamber some eight feet high, and quite dark. Here, on July 7, I estimated that about 300 bats were hanging from the rough limestone of the sides and roof of the cave. As my guide and I entered with our lantern, those nearest at hand began to flit back and forth keep- Allen Notes on Bahama Bats. 69 ing up a faint twittering, and finally alighted again in the more distant parts of the cavern. A few retreated through a small crevice which doubt less led into a second chamber. I noticed repeatedly that as the bats alighted they at first clung to the rock with botli hind feet, but after obtaining a secure hold, they let go one foot, and hung suspended by one slender limb only. Of the 56 specimens captured, all were males, a fact which indicates that, as with many species of bats, the sexes segregate when not breeding, and that this was a male colony. After the bats had quieted down, I made as careful an examination as possible, and was unable to discover any other species in the cave save for two male specimens of Phyllonycteris planifrons. Some two weeks later while returning from our cruise among the northern cays, we again stopped in at Israel's Point and I made a sec ond visit to the cave. To my surprise not one of the little Chilonatalus could be found, but instead a colony of from one to two hundred Phyllo- nycteris planifrons was in undisputed possession. The meaning of this I was unable to learn. According to my guide this cave had been discov ered some twenty years or more ago when the ground had been in use as a pineapple plantation. It had always been used by the bats so far as he knew and was visited periodically by the planters in order to procure the guano as well as the cave earth that washes in. Our specimens agree precisely with the original description as given by Mr. Miller. Two types of coloration were noticeable, however, due per haps to age, for a number of the specimens, though adult, had not acquired the bright yellowish tint but were nearly drab above with the hairs lighter at their bases. Otopterus waterhousii compressus (Eehn). Macrotm waterhousii compressus Rehn. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Phila., 1904, p. 434. The Bahama Otopterus has been recorded from Andros, Long Island, New Providence, and Eleuthera. It has not yet been taken, apparently, among the northern islands of the group. We found but a single colony. This was at Nassau, New Providence, and must have numbered someseventy- five or more individuals. They occupied a portion of the ceiling in one of the underground dungeons cut in the limestone rock at Fort Charlotte. All the adults captured were females, and with these were a number of nearly full grown young of both sexes. In striking contrast to the sleepy brown bats in another chamber of the fort, these bats were alert and active. By the light of a broken lamp we could make out the colony hanging from the ceiling, some of them at least, holding on by one foot only. After once being startled they became very wild and dispersed throughout the chambers of the dungeon, flying from room to room, or back and forth between two chambers as we continued our exploration. Gosse, in writing of the Jamaican Otopterus, calls attention to its sub- 70 Allen Notes on Bahama Bats. terranean propensities, and says that when living in houses, these bats invariably take up their abode in the cellar. We were interested to ob serve that none of these bats at the fort appeared to fly out into the light of day, but a number, on the contrary, retreated still farther underground after we had disturbed them. For when we had finished our examina tion our guide lowered his bucket into a well cut 103 feet deep in one of the underground chambers, and in so doing disturbed a number of the bats which had taken refuge at some depth in the shaft of the well. They emerged singly from the narrow mouth of the shaft as the bucket pro gressed downward. Several of these bats which we had taken alive were carried to our hotel. At frequent intervals they uttered a short sharp trill, very similar to the sound produced by rapidly running up a squeaky cur tain-roller. The young bats were much darker than the adults, almost a clove-brown on the back, and their faces were almost without hair. Specimens. 7 adult females and 1 young male (skins) ; 2 adult females, G young males, and 2 young females (alcoholic). Phyllonycteris planifrons Miller. Phylloni/cteris planifrons Miller. Proc. Biol. Soc., Washington, vol. 13, p. 34, May 29, 1899. This is a common species in the Bahamas. It was described five years ago by Mr. Miller on the strength of 124 specimens all from the same lime stone cave a few miles from Nassau, New Providence. In addition to the colony at Israel's Point, Great Abaco. mentioned in connection with the colony of Chilonntalu* we also visited a much larger one at Hurricane Hole, on the northeastern coast of Great Abaco. Here is a series of large open caves in a limestone bluff some 50 feet high or more. A small pas sage leads from the far end of one of these caves, and by means of this ac cess is gained to a high vaulted chamber. A second and smaller chamber leads off from the first after turning a right angle. No ray of light pene trates these inner caverns. Everywhere our lantern disclosed hundreds of the Phyllonycteris clinging singly or in clusters to the walls and ceiling of the cave, and they were apparently the only species inhabiting it. I captured and examined a number of the bats. There were adults of both sexes in the cave, and many of the females had each a single young one still suckling, though about losing the last of the milk teeth. These young bats were very dark clove brown above becoming light drab below. A number of specimens were taken which showed various transitional stages of pelage from that of the young to a more mature stage having a curious patchy mixture of clove brown and vinaceous cinnamon above and drab beneath. The colony at Marsh Harbor, visited July 20, also consisted of both sexes, but of the 18 specimens taken, only 2 were females. All the bats in this colony seemed to be adults. Allen Notes on Bahama Bats. 71 As with some other species mentioned, many of these bats when at rest clung by one foot only. They are of a quarrelsome disposition and bite vigorously when handled. Their bickerings were audible even before we reached the mouth of their cave and it is evident that the colony, though resting, is much awake even in the daylight hours. A number of them were found to have one or both ears truncated near the tip in so regular a fashion as to make it seem that there were two types of ear-outline among them. The occurrence of some individuals with only one clipped ear, however, might indicate that this shape is due to accidental loss of the point of that organ through its having been bitten off by one of the quar relsome company. Specimens. 12 adult and 2 young males (skins) ; 3 adult females (skins) ; 4 adult females and 7 males (alcoholic), 2 young females and 2 young males (alcoholic). VOL. XVIII, PP. 73-78 FEBRUARY 21, 1905 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON GENERAL NOTES. A SNAKE NEW TO THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. [By Permission of the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution.] In his " List of the Batrachians and Reptiles of the District of Columbia and Vicinity" (Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, XV, 1902, pp. 121-145) Prof. W. P. Hay enumerated 21 species of snakes as of more or less certain occurrence in the District. I am now able to add a species, viz: Cemophora coccinea (Blumenbach). A specimen of the " Scarlet Snake " was presented recently to the National Museum by Dr. I. W. Blackburn, of the Government Hospital for the Insane, who kindly writes me regarding its origin as follows : "The specimen of Cumophora coccinea came into my possession alive, about the summer of 1893. It was captured by an employee of St. Eliza beth Hospital, in the vicinity of Anacostia." It is now No. 35,308, U. S. National Museum. Compared with the other snakes in the District of Columbia, as defined in. Prof. Hay's List, it belongs to the non-venomous section with smooth scales ; anal plate not divided ; underside of body is uniformly white, thus differing from the three species of Lamprnpeltis with which it otherwise agrees most. An important structural character is the prominent and somewhat conical rostral which even caused Schlegel to place it in the genus Hderodon. This record extends the known range of the species considerably. It has been known from Louisiana to Florida and north to South Carolina, and has been regarded as a southern snake characteristic of the Austro- riparian region. Early in May, 1891, a live specimen was sent to the museum from St. Margarets, Anne Arundel Co., Maryland, by Mr. A. A. Stinchcomb, but unfortunately it escaped. A drawing and color descrip tion made from the living animal show that the determination was cor rect. These are the two most northern records. As the colors of the living snake are of interest a description of the last-mentioned specimen follows: Iris chestnut ; tongue anteriorly pale flesh color deepening backward to coral red ; top of head in front of the postfrontal black cross-band, as well as 11 PKOC. BIOL. Soc. WASH., VOL. XVIII, 1905. (73) 74 General Notes. dorsal blotches, dull vermilion; occipital band, occupying posterior half of parietals, temporals, and anterior row of dorsal scales, orange (being of a light yellow ground-color clouded with vermilion) ; rostral and loreal region more pinkish ; labials white ; light dorsal interspaces primrose yellow, color deepest on median line and fading gradually into white on the first scale row ; borders of vermilion patches jet black ; lateral dusky spots dark brown (being black overlaid with vermilion); whole underside white with mother-of-pearl reflections. Leonhard Stejneger. WHY NOT PAR A MAYA? In a former paper* I referred to the substitution by Stebbing of Mamaia 1904 f for Maja Lamarck 1801, J the latter genus being rightfully abandoned. There is, however, an earlier name than Mamaia, Paramaya de Haan, which has claims to validity. Paramaya first appeared in 1837 on plate XXIV of De Haan's Fauna Japonica, Crustacea, as a subgeneric designation, the type species being called " PISA (Paramaya) spinigera n." This plate and plates E and F were issued with Decas III, pages 65 to 72, according to Bul letin des Sciences Physiques et Naturelles en Neerlande, Leyde, 1838, where the notice appears in the number for August 31, in a list of books published since January 1, 1838. That the date given (1838) is not early enough is evidenced by the fact that the "Ophidii" of the Fauna Japonica which was published at the same time, is noticed in Gelehrte Anzeigen, Miinchen, July 7, 1837. The text of " Decas Tertia " is also dated 1837 at the foot of page 65. The type species of Paramaya is congeneric with the type species of Mamaia, M. squinado (Herbst), 1788. The name Paramaya remained undisputed until 1839, when de Haan published his " Decas Quarta," including pages 73 to 108. On page 93, appears the caption "MAJA (MAJA) SPINIGERA, n. sp.," followed by "T. XXIV. f. 4. 9 (Paramaya) et T. G.," thus rejecting his Paramaya for Maja. Again in the last issue of his work, in 1849, de Haan publishes under "ERRATA IN TABULIS SPECIERUM," the following, " Tab. XXIV. fig. 4: Maja (Paramaya) spinigera, n.; lege: M. (Maja) spinig." The right of an author to the privilege of errata published simultaneously with the error is conceded ; but he can not cancel names at a later date, even in a continuation of the same work, without violating Canon XXXV of the A. O. U. Code, which says, "An author has no right to change or reject names of his own proposing, except in accordance with rules of nomenclature governing all naturalists, he having only the same right as other naturalists over the names he has himself proposed." Ptirmnnyn, therefore, was not obliterated by de Haan, but remained a synonym of Maja until to-day, when it must needs take the place of the older name. Mary J. Ralhbun. *Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, XVII, p. 171, 1904. fSpolia Zeylanica, II, pt. V, p. 2, April, 1904. tSyst. Anim. sans Vert., 154, 1801. General Notes. 75 THE GENERIC NAME OF THE WILLET. For many years since 1858 at least the Willet has remained in undis puted possession of the generic name Symphemia, proposed by Rafinesque in 1819 (Journal de Physique, LXXXVIII, p. 418), but overlooked by orni thologists until 1845, when it was noticed by Hartlaub (Revue Zoologique, 1845, p. 342). This author, in some notes on genera omitted by Gray in his " List of Genera of Birds," mentioned Rafinesque's paper, citing the three genera of birds there diagnosed, Rimamphus, Helmitheros, and Sym phemia (all on page 418), giving, however, merely a reference to the first page (p. 417) of Rafinesque's article. Of the last he wrote: "Symphemia, Genre etabli par Rafinesque, I.e., pour le Scolopax semipalmata, Gmel. espSce bien connue et type du genre Catoplrophorus de Bonaparte (1828). M. Rafinesque a nomine cet oiseau S. atlantica." Relying on Hartlaub's usual accuracy, subsequent authors accepted this statement (and erroneous page reference) without question, and Symphemia has since figured as the proper generic name for the Willet. Turning now to Rafinesque's paper we find the following brief account of Symphemia: "SYMPHEMIA. Different du genre Tringa par bee cylindrique, doigts semi-palme"s. Type T. semi- palmata que je nomme S. atlantica. II y en a une autre espece en Ken tucky qui peut se nommer S. melanura" That this diagnosis is not in tended for the Willet is at once evident. The Willet, a long-legged bird, originally placed in the Linnaean genus Scolopax, has never been referred to Tringa, and its bill is by no means cylindrical. What Rafinesque actually did was to erect the genus Symphemia for Tringa semipalmata Wilson, our present Ereunetes pusiUus (Linnaeus), and as a natural sequence Symphemia must be reduced to a synonym of Ereunetes Illiger, 1811. Hence another name will be required for the Willet ; and the earliest generic term for this bird appears to be Catoptrophorus Bonaparte (Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. New York, II, Nov., 1827, p. 323), first introduced as a sub- genus of Totanus, in these words: "following the mania of the day, we have formed a new subgenus for the reception of this bird, which deserves the distinction quite as well, and better than a great many others." It is unfortunate that Billberg's short term Nea was not published until 1828 (Synopsis Faunae Scandinaviae, II, 1828, p. 155). Two species were included in this genus, viz : Scolopax glottis Linn., and S. semipalmata Gmelin. The former is the type of Glottis Koch, 1816, leaving the latter as type of Nea. Chas. W.Richmond. NOTE ON THE SYNONYMY OF HMMATOSPIZA SIPAHI. In a recent note on this species (Novitates Zoologicae, XI, p. 456), Mr. Hartert accepts as its proper name Hsematospiza indica (Gmelin), based on Seba (I, pi. 60, fig. 4), and cites two synonyms not mentioned in the British Museum " Catalogue of Birds," viz.: Loxia indica Gmelin (1788), and L. boetonensis Latham (1790). To these may be added three others, all based on Seba, or on Brisson (ex Seba) : 76 General Notes. Loxia cristata J. R. Forster, Ihdische Zoologie, 1781, p. 41. Loxia butanensis J. R. Forster, Faunula Indica, 1795, p. 8. Loxia rubra Suckow, Anfangsgr. Naturgesch. Thiere, II, 2, 1801, p. 832. Loxia crislataFoi-ster, 1781, being the oldest name for the species (assuming Seba's plate to be recognizable), Mr. Hartert would probably adopt it, but as it is twice preoccupied (Linnaeus 1758, Miiller 1776), the correct name ; according to the American Ornithologists' Union "Code," would be Hsema- ospiza indica (Gmelin). Chas. W. Richmond. NEW GENERIC NAME FOR THE GIANT FULMAR. The generic name Ossifraga, given by Hombron and Jacquinot ( Comptes Rendus, XVIII, 1844, p. 356) to Procellaria gigantea Gmelin, is antedated by Ossifraga N. Wood (Analyst, II, 1835, p. 305 ; VI, 1837, p. 244), applied to a very different group of birds. As the Giant Fulmar is thus bereft of its generic name, that of Macronectes may be suggested as an equivalent. Chas. W. Richmond. NOTE ON A SPECIMEN OF PITHECOPHAGA JEFFERYI OGILVIE-GRANT. The United States National Museum has recently received from Mr. 'Fletcher L. Keller, a hemp-planter of Davao, Mindanao, and an energetic member of the Philippine Scientific Association, a fine skin of the Philip pine Monkey-eating Forest-Eagle, which Mr. W. R. Ogilvie-Grant made known as Pithecophagajefferyi, a new genus and species, described in the Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club, Vol. VI, No. XL, p. XVII, 1896, and subsequently figured and described in greater detail in the Ibis for 1 897 (pp. 214-220, pi. V, and text figures 1 -4 ) . He speaks of it as " per haps the most remarkable bird which has been discovered in the Philip pines." Mr. Ogil vie-Grant's specimen came from the island of Samar. He remarks : " The Discovery of this mighty bird of prey is without doubt the most remarkable of Mr. Whitehead's achievements in the Philippine Is lands. That so large a Raptor should have remained unknown till the present time only shows how easily these great Forest-Eagles may be over looked." Respecting th*e size of this specimen, which was a male, Mr. Ogilvie-Grant states: "Mr. Whitehead says that it weighed between 16 and 20 Ibs." The bill of this species is characterized by extreme narrow T - ness and very great depth ; and the high vaulted narial opening is also a peculiar character. The naked tarsi and feet resemble those of the Harpy Eagle although considerably weaker. The wings are short and the tail very long, w^hich is just the reverse of the common Eagle of the Islands (Pontoaetus leucogaster). Mr. Ogilvie-Grant says : " Strange as it may seem, "we have little doubt that the Harpy is the nearest known ally of the present species." In Sharpe's "Hand-List of the Genera and Species of Birds " (Vol. I, page 265), this bird is given a position between the Short-toed Eagles (Circa'etus) and the Serpent-Eagles (Spilornis). General Notes. 77 Pithecophaga jrfferyi is still among the rarest birds in museum collections. Mr. Keller's is the second specimen to reach America, and makes the first authentic record for the island of Mindanao. I saw one in the Menage collection, at the Public Library, in Minneapolis, and one in Manila, and know of but five preserved specimens. Mr. Keller's is a male (No. 192,382, U. S. National Museum), taken near Davao, Mindanao, P. I., Septembers, 1904. It closely resembles the type; but broader shaft-stripes to the feathers give the head a darker color than that of the male described and figured by Mr. Ogilvie-Grant (Ibis for 1897, plate V). From the skin I took the following measurements: Length, 980 mm.; wing, 600 ; tail, 465; chord of culmen, 65; chord of culmen and cere, taken together, 78; cere, 21 ; depth of bill, 51 ; depth of culmen, 41 ; greatest width of culmen, 21 ; tarsus, length, 22; tarsus, circumference, 60; inner claw (chord), 49; mid dle claw, 39; outer claw, 30; hind claw, 52; hind toe, without claw, 51 ; width of middle tail-feather, 98 ; length of longest occipital feather, 90. Edgar A. Mearns, A NEW NAME FOR THE PEROMYSCUS NEBRACENSIS OF CERTAIN AUTHORS. The name Ilenperumys sonoriensis va.r. nebracensis was used first by Baird, who mentioned it without description in text under his Hesperomys leuco- pus (Mamm. N. Am., p. 462, 1857). It appears next in 1877, when Coues quotes the name in synonymy under Hesperomys leucopus sonoriensis. It remained a nomen nudum until 1890, when Mearns used it in connection with a full description and designated a specimen which he called his "type of diagnosis," No. 1200 Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., N. Y., from Calf Creek, Montana (See Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. II, pp. 285-287, Feb. 21, 1890). The name nebracensis will therefore date from Mearns, not from Baird, and the type of Mearns' diagnosis will be the type in fact. Authors subsequent to Mearns have frequently used the name nebracensis for a very small and bright colored mouse found in Western Nebraska and adjacent regions. It is a well known form, specimens of which are contained in most of our large museums, and doubtless is the form that Baird intended to name. It is however very different from the nebracensis of Mearns, which is much larger and darker and more closely related to the form later called subarc- ticus by Allen. The small bright colored form therefore needs a new name and may be called Peromyscus luteus. The type is No. iff ff Biological Sur vey Coll., U. S. National Museum, collected April 23, 1890, at Kennedy, Nebraska, by Vernon Bailey. Measurements of type: Total length, 152 ; tail vertebrae, 62 ; hind foot, 20. Color: Upperparts bright ochraceous buff very lightly mixed with dusky ; subauricular spots pure white, large, and conspicuous ; underparts pupe white. Wilfred H. Osgood. VOL. XVlll, PP. 79-82 FEBRUARY 21, 1905 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON DESCRIPTIONS OF THREE APPARENTLY NEW SPECIES OF MAMMALS. BY D. G. ELLIOT, F. R. S. K, ETC. Can is pambasileus* sp. nov. AUTOCRAT TIMBER WOLF. Type from Sushitna River, region of Mount McKinley, Alaska. No. 13,481, Field Columbian Mus., Chicago. General characters. Color from nearly uniform black to white and black in various mixtures. Skull: Size larger than those of timber wolves of Canada or United States ; ridge of sagittal and occipital crest nearly on a level with frontal and with only a very slight descent at occiput and very deep at that point ; maxillae very broad and rounded posteriorly at junction with the frontals, much broader than in C. occidentalis ; nasals pointed posteriorly but considerably broader than those of southern timber wolves ; premaxillae extending considerably over one-half the length of the nasals, while in C. occidental!.? in some cases this bone does not reach over one third the length of the nasals and occasionally not even that length ; inter- temporal width considerable, with a deep median depression between the frontals ; the basisphenoid is very broad, and the postglenoid processes very wide and flattened ; the mandible is massive, heavy, very deep, and of nearly uniform height on horizontal portion, with the inferior outline nearly straight, very different from the curving outline of the mandible of C. occidental!* ; the coronoid process is very broad, high, of nearly equal width throughout, and with the posterior outline nearly straight, not curv ing like that of the southern species ; teeth in both jaws large and heavy, exceeding in size those of C. occidentalis in the same proportion as do the skulls. * 7ra^/3a0 mm.; tail, 140; culmen, 98; middle toe and claw, 97; tarsus, 141 ; bare portion of tibia, 94. Loriculus galgulus (Linnaeus). BLUE-CROWNED LORIKEET. I obtained a pair of these birds alive, on the island of Cagayan Sulu, P. I., February 26, 1904. The female escaped at Zamboanga, Mindanao ; but the male (No. 191,871, U. S. National Museum) was preserved. Col local ia francica inexpectata (Hume). ANDAMAN ISLANDS SWIFTLET. I collected four specimens (\os. 191,886-9,11.8. National Museum) of this swiftlet on the island of Cagayan Sulu, P. I., February 26, 1904. It was very abundant about the mountain cliffs of the island. Hirundo rustica rustica Linnseus. COMMON SWALLOW. I obtained a typical specimen (No. 190,261, U. S. National Museum) at Pantar, Mindanao, P. I., September 9, 1903. My series of swallows from Mindanao shows interim* lation between the subspecies rustica and gutturalis. VOL. XVIII, pp. 91-106 MARCH 31, 1905 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON AN INTERESTING SPECIES OF FISH FROM THE HIGH ANDES OF CENTRAL ECUADOR.* BY BARTON WARREN EVERMANN AND WILLIAM CONVERSE KENDALL. By permission of Hon. George M. Bowers, Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries. Through the kindness of Dr. S. Austin Davis, surgeon of the Guayaquil and Quito Railway Company, the Bureau of Fisheries has recently come into possession of a number of excellent specimens of a very rare and little known species of fish from the high Andes of central Ecuador. According to the classification of Eigenmann and Eigen- mann,t these specimens belong in the Siluroid family Argidse, and are beyond doubt the Pimelodus cydopum of Humboldt or Cydopium cydopum of later authors. But in a recent mono graph of the fishes of the family Loricariidse,t by Mr. C. Tate Regan, that author regards the specimens identified by Eigen mann and Eigenmann as Cydopium cydopum as belonging to a different and undescribed species which he names Arges eigenmanni. *Read before the Biological Society of Washington, January 23, 1904. f A Revision of the South American Nematognathi or Catfishes, Occasional Papers Cal. Ac. Scl., I, 1890, 347-351. I A Monograph of the Fishes of the Family Loricariidae, Trans. Zool. Soc. London, XVII, Part III, Oct., 1904, 191 to 326, Plates XV-XXI. Rec'd Oct. 13 and read Nov. 17, 1903. Since the receipt of Mr. Regan's monograph this paper has been rewritten. 14-PROC. BIOL. Soc. WASH., VOL. XVIII, 1905. (91) 92 Evcrmann and Kendall Fish from Central Ecuador. Recognizing Regan's classification, our specimens would represent his species. However, for reasons appearing further on in this paper, we are convinced that Cydopium cydopum is the valid name for them. Our collection contains specimens representing both the eastern and western slopes of the Andes, but from very closely neighboring localities. These specimens exhibit considerable variation among themselves and show that previous descriptions have been not wholly accurate. The discrepancies indicate that certain changes in the present arrangement of the genera and species are necessary and suggest the possibility that future in vestigations may necessitate still further modifications in our views of the whole family. In the present paper we present at some length the data which these specimens furnish and indicate the conclusions to which they point in the thought that this will prove of use to others who may have occasion to study these fishes. CLASSIFICATION AND SYNONYMY. The classification adopted by Eigenmann and Eigenmann is based upon the descriptions by previous authors and a few specimens of Cydopium cydopum in the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Cambridge, which we also have been privileged to re-examine, through the kindness of Prof. Samuel Garman. Eigenmann and Eigenmann include three genera in the Argidse, which they separate as follows : a. Adipose fin a long, low fold of skin which gradually merges into the dorsal profile anteriorly and posteriorly ; lower lip very broad. Arges. aa. Adipose fin short, with a spine placed near the tail. Cydopium. aaa. Adipose and ventral fins wanting. Astroblepus. Under the genus Arges, they place Arges sabalo of all previous writers ; Brontes prenadilla Cuvier & Valenciennes ; Arges pre- nadilla, Steindachner ; Arges brachycephalus Giinther ; Arges longifilis Steindachner ; and Arges peruanus Steindachner. In the genus Cydopium are the one form which has borne the various names, Pimelodus cydopum Humboldt ; Stygogenes cydopum, Giinther ; Cydopium cydopum, Putnam ; Cydopium humboldtii Swainson ; Stygogenes humboldtii, Giinther ; and the additional species, Stygogenes guentheri Boulenger. Evermann and Kendall Fish from Central Ecuador. < 93 The third genus contains but one species, Astroblepus grixalvii Humholdt. The genus Arges was erected by Cuvier and Valenciennes* to include those species having bifid teeth and a ' ' long, low adipose fin . " It was distinguished from Brontes by the latter 's having no adipose fin. The first included Arges sabalo and Arges cyclopum; the second Brontes prenadilla which Valenciennes says is of identical structure in every way with Arges cyclopum except that it has no adipose fin. He further says regarding the latter : They have shown to me that the fish of M. Boussingault indicates the place that should be assigned to Attrofdrpus. It is, if the term be allow able, an apodal prennd'dla; and the Pimdodus cyclopum is very probably of the same genus as the sabalo. Steindachner has re-examined the types of Arges sabalo and one of the two type specimens of Brontes prenadilla. Regarding the latter he says : t Valenciennes's assertion that an adipose fin before the caudal is lacking, is erroneous, and the figure in 1'Histoire Naturelle in plate 444 is one of the numerous errors in this work. He further states that Glinther's Arges brachycephalus is identical with Arges prenadilla Cuvier & Valenciennes. These two positive assertions, of Valenciennes and Stein dachner, respectively, become significant from an examination of our specimens. When first received these examples revealed no trace of an adipose fin excepting what was soon discovered to be a short spine, sometimes naked but in most cases concealed under the skin, evidenced only by a slight elevation, which was at first regarded as a short adipose fin " ; but in alcohol there gradually appeared on the back a low, thick, fleshy fold which increased in resemblance to a thick adipose fin with their continuance in the preservative, and, in the smaller individuals, became thin and very much like an adipose fin in appearance. Regarding the adipose fin in Arges sabalo, Steindachner says (1. c.,p. 18): A more or less puffed, rather deep fold of skin begins on the back behind the dorsal, at a distance equal to the whole or rather more than half the length of the base of the fin, and unites with the upper caudal * Hist. Nat. Poiss., XV. fFlussfische Sudam., IV, 21. 94 Evermann and Kendall Fish from Central Ecuador. ray, the short upper rays of this fin being completely surrounded by it. A puffed fold of skin surrounds the lower short rays of the caudal. Referring to Arges longifilis (1. c., p. 20), he says: The fold of skin on the back is in some more, in others less, fleshy, and of equal height and length with A. sabalo; and regarding some very small examples, 4.5 to 5.5 cm. long, he further remarks : The fold of skin on the back is very distinct throughout its length, and very thin. Concerning Arges prenadilla, he says, on this point : A plainly visible seamlike fold of skin on the back begins over and a little in front of the anal and extends to the caudal, uniting with the upper ray of the fin. In another place he states : In my opinion Giinther's species of Arges brachycephalus is identical with Arges prenadilla, and he goes on to say regarding three examples (male and female) which he believes to be the same species, from Peru, measuring 4.5, 5 and 9 cm. : The two little specimens are especially noteworthy in that they show not the slightest trace of the adipose fold, but as to depression and form of head they correspond almost exactly with 7 cm. specimens of Arges sabalo previously mentioned. However, Steindachner's figures of Arges sabalo and Arges longifilis show a decidedly high and thin adipose fin which, from his description, must be inaccurately represented. Regarding his Arges peruanus, Steindachner says (1. c., p. 21) : The adipose fin resembles a long thickish fold in the skin, of slight elevation, gradually losing itself before reaching the caudal ; but his figure shows even no trace of such a fold. These descriptions show conclusively that what has been so regarded is not a true adipose fin, which conclusion our speci mens substantiate. It is evident that the presence of the sup posed adipose fin on the different species, is simply due to the action of the preservative and that there is no true adipose ; and the smaller the individual and the longer its stay in the preservative, the more like an adipose fin the fold may become. Evermann and Kendall Fish from Central Ecuador. 95 Since the publication of Eigenmann's South American Nematognathi, Boulenger writes : * Leaving aside the two or three species in which a spine is present between the rayed dorsal fin and the caudal, whether exposed and sup porting the small adipose fin or partly imbedded in the skin, and for which the name Sli/gnym?* Giinther may be retained, I find upon exami nation of the material in the British Museum, and after perusal of Dr. Steindachner's descriptions, that as many as six species of the genus Arges are entitled to distinction. He further says : A. longifilis, sabalo, taczanowskii, and peruanus inhabit the Andes of Peru, A. prcnadilla and whymperi the Andes of Ecuador. I had originally con founded the two latter species, when Mr. Whymper submitted to me his specimens for identification some years since, but renewed examination has convinced me that there are at least three kinds of " Prenadillas " in Ecuador, instead of one as believed by Putman. He then retains Stygogenes Giinther instead of Cyclopium Swainson for the form with the spine on the caudal peduncle, and Arges for the one with no spine and more or less of an adipose fin. ' ' Our specimens belong to the first named group. Arges whymperi is doubtless an individual variation of Cyclopium cyclopum as indicated by our specimens, since they show that the presence or absence of a spine is not even a specific differ ence. A. whymperi has no adipose fin and no spine. A. tac zanowskii possesses a low fleshy fold which is supposed by the authors to be an adipose fin, and has no spine, and represents the sabalo group of Peru. In 1898 Boulenger described a species from Ecuador, f under the name Arges festze, which appears to be valid. In the same paper he redescribes A. prenadilla, regarding which he wrote that the examples confirmed the identity, recognized by Stein- dachner, of Brontes jwenadilla C. & V. and Arges brachycephalus Giinther. Regan (1. c.) has recently made radical changes in the classi fication of this Siluroid group and described a number of new species. He objects to the family name Argidae of Gill and * Description of two new species of the Siluroid Genus Arges, Proc. Zool. Soe. London 1890, 450 to 452, and plate. t Poissons de 1'equateur Boll, du Mus. Zool. ed Anat. Comp. R. Univ. Torino, XIII, No. 329, 1898, PI. XXI, Fig. 7. 96 Evermann and Kendall Fish from Central Ecuador. includes the group in a subfamily Argiinse in the family Lori- cariidse. The following list enumerates the characters which, according to Regan, distinguish the subfamily Argiinse from the other sub families of the Loricariidse, and which, as suggested by Dr. Gill, and according to our own view, are sufficient to establish a well marked family : Teeth in jaws in more than one series ; no pseudobranchise ; body naked, no bony plates or scutes ; rudimentary ray of ventral present, represented by a small internal round plate ; stronger ribs ; neural and haemal spines somewhat less expanded ; pterygoid small, instead of large and not connected with the prefrontal ; clavicle and coracoids running somewhat forward to their symphyses instead of the lower portions lying trans versely between the bases of the pectorals. In this subfamily, as he regards it, Regan recognizes only one genus, Arges, substituting Cuvier & Valenciennes 's name for Swainson's Cydopium for the following reason which he gives in a footnote on page 307 (1. c.) : Swainson established the genus in these words: "The third genus is that by which we distinguish the PimeJodus cyclopum of Humboldt (Cydo pium humboldtii Sw.)." His generic name being derived from the genitive plural of Cyclops, is as inadmissible as would be that of Silurorum. While most American zoologists regard as very objectionable the use in generic nomenclature of the genitive plural form of a substantive, they do not hesitate to accept such words when once used, retaining the original spelling. Any other practice tends away from stability of nomenclature. But whatever view one may hold regarding this matter, Mr. Regan's contention does not hold in the case under consideration. Cydopium is not the genitive plural of Cyclops, as he imagines, but the neuter form of the adjective cydopius. The only character that separates the genera Arges and Cydo pium is the presence of a spine in the location of the ' ' adipose fin " of the latter. That this spine may have been easily over looked in other specimens, since it is so often concealed under the skin in ours, is evident. By an examination of specimens of the species of Arges, it is possible that a spine may be found. This character is therefore of doubtful value. Regarding Astroblepus, it remains to be said that, for the same Evermann and Kendall Fish from Central Ecuador. 97 reason, the absence of an adipose fin in that genus is of no im portance and the only distinctive character is the very improb able absence of ventral fins. Regarding this genus Regan remarks that it is allied to Arges, differing only in the absence of ventral fins ; that it is possible that this feature is abnormal or accidental and that the genus may be founded on a specimen of Arges brachycephalus or an allied species. Astroblepus grixalvii is known only from the very imperfect description and monstrous figure of Humboldt ; and it probably never will be found so long as one of this group without ventral fins is looked for. It is not improbable that Cyclopium guentheri, occurring in the same river basin in which the Astroblepus was found common enough to be used as food by the inhabitants is identical with it. Humboldt says regarding it : The Pescado negro, which is largely eaten at Popayan, is not found in that part of the Cauca River which is nearest the city. The physical cause of this phenomenon is quite remarkable. A river impregnated with sulphuric acid descends from the volcano of Purace to which the inhabitants give the name of Vinegar River. It is known by the beautiful cascade which it makes at the foot of the volcano. From the point where the waters of the Vinegar River mingle with those of the Cauca River, as far as four miles farther down, the latter is without fish, although in its upper part the fish are quite abundant. Small quantities of the acid, which were taken for our chemical analyses, are often considerable enough to injure the organization of fishes. Regan recognizes nineteen species of Arges, to eight of which he gives new names. Of the eight supposed new species four are founded on forms which had been regarded as known species. Arges boulengeri is based on Stygogenes humboldtii of Boulenger, but not of Swainson . Arges eigenmanni is the Cyclopium cyclopum of Putnam, and Eigenmann and Eigeiimann (not P. cyclopum Humboldt) . Arges cyclopum is redescribed from four specimens from some unknown locality. Arges vaillanti is based on a single specimen sent .from the Paris Museum as Brontes prena- dilla. Arges fissidens is founded on a part of Boulenger 's Arges whymperi (two specimens). There is a key to the species the main divisions of which are based on the character of the adipose fin. The other divisions are based on extent of ventrals and pectorals, character of teeth, position of ventral, etc. Among our specimens there are indi- 98 Evermann and Kendall Fish from Central Ecuador. viduals which fall respectively into several of his main categories, excepting that of a well developed adipose fin without trace of spine. In other words, judging by the principal divisions alone, we have A. clycopum, eigenmanni, prenadilla and fissidens. They do not agree, however, in some other points, which, if given consideration, prevent us from identifying our specimens with any of his species. There is no doubt of the specific identity of our specimens. The differences are mostly due to age, size and sex. The adipose fin, as we have shown before, is of doubtful value, and of no value whatever in the species to which we have just called attention. The development of the spine may be of value in larger specimens but in one of two small specimens we have there is a long spine connected pos teriorly with the caudal peduncle and in the other there is in addition to the spine a long, moderately developed adipose fin. Most of the other spines are small, just visible, imbedded in the skin and appearing only as tubercles or not at all apparent. In the males, as already remarked, the ventrals are inserted farther forward than in the females ; therefore, comparison of extent of pectorals with ventrals or ventrals with proximity to vent is of 110 value. In fact, there is such a range of variation in these characters, regarded by Regan as showing specific dif ferences, that there arises a serious distrust of the value of any of them for that purpose. Regan had the advantage of material representing more species and localities than we have, but in view of the foregoing fact the suggestion offers itself that unless there are other grounds for separation, the five alleged Peruvian species may be, if not all one, certainly not more than two species at greatest. Regan's figures of the various species show more dissimilari ties than do his descriptions, but even the figures, taken in conjunction with the variations in our specimens, indicate that homodon and guentheri are possibly the two sexes of the same species. Among the Ecuador species, one of the Atlantic slope forms, A. festse, is clearly a distinct species, as shown by the elongate nasal barbel. There seems hardly ground for identifying Madame Ida Pfeiffer's specimens as A. cyclopum and establishing a new species on individuals that agree more closely with the original description and plate than the others do. Arges whymperi and Evermann and Kendall Fish from Central Ecuador. 99 fissidens have but little left by which to distinguish them and the same may be said of sabalo, taczanowskii, vaillanti and prenadilla. Since the male examples of our specimens agree with all that has been said of Arges prenadilla, and the females equally as well with Cydopium cydopum, we are forced to unite these two forms in the genus and species Cydopium cydopum, which will include A. eigenmanni and perhaps whymperi of Regan. There is nothing in the laws of nature, so far as we know, to prevent the existence of a number of genera and species of this group of fishes ; but the indications derivable from the literature and material at hand are that the number may be still further reduced as a result of more extended investigations, and there may be but one genus, Astroblepus, to include all the nominal species. The following description of Cydo^num cydopum is based on two individuals, female and male, each about 3.12 inches in length, in the collection sent us by Dr. Davis: FIGS. 1 and la. --Cydopium cydopum, female. Female. Head 4.18 in length to base of caudal ; D. 7 ; A. 7 ; RIO; V. 5 ; C. 13. Body rather robust, somewhat depressed anteriorly and compressed posteriorly; a thick fleshy fold or ridge (after months in alcohol), some what arched, extending from a short distance back of dorsal to base of upper ray of caudal, with a small rough, nearly concealed, spine posteriorly ; skin rather loose and wrinkled, full of fine mucous pores posteriorly to dorsal, coarser in front; first dorsal, outer pectoral and 100 Evermann and Kendall Fish from Central Ecuador. ventral and upper and lower caudal rays slightly produced ; ventral some what rounded ; first or outer rays of all fins spinuliferous ; longest ray of pectoral just reaching base of outer ray of ventral ; insertion of ventral about under middle of dorsal ; ventral reaching slightly beyond vent but not to anal ; head rather bfoad and depressed ; gill-openings reaching below base of pectoral, membranes broadly attached to isthmus; gills 4, no slit or pore behind the last; cheeks tumid; eyes minute, vertical, covered by the common outer skin and situated about midway between nostrils and upper angle of opercle; interorbital space about equaling distance from posterior edge of nostril to eye ; barbel reaching somewhat beyond cheek ; nasal openings separated by an irregular triangular flap ; mouth opening inferior ; upper lip thick, plicate and papulose; lower lip expanded, papulose, with median suture connected by the skin, posterior margin rounded, slightly notched ; teeth in several rows in each jaw ; upper teeth simple, somewhat curved, conical, some of them somewhat expanded at end, teeth of inner rows all bifid ; lower jaw bones separate, connected only by the membrane ; teeth all bifid, situated only at the expanded inner ends of the bones. Color, olive-gray, thickly clouded with darker ; fins all barred with dark gray. FIGS. 2 and 2a.Cyclopium cyclopum, male. Mnle. Head 4.28 in length to base of caudal ; D. 7 ; A. 6 ; P. 10 ; V. 5 C. 13. Body rather slender, differing remarkably in appearance from the female; more depressed anteriorly and more compressed posteriorly; posterior dorsal fold not so noticeable, barely evident; spine hardly dis tinguishable through the skin ; pores on anterior part of body coarser than in the female ; outer ventral and lower caudal ray, somewhat more produced ; the first rays of all fins spinuliferous ; pectoral reaching beyond base of ventral ; ventral inserted under or slightly in advance of front of dorsal, not reaching vent; head much flatter and somewhat broader than in female. Color, similar to female but much darker. Sexes otherwise readily distinguishable by the long papilla just posterior to the vent in the male, probably serving as an intromittent organ ; this organ somewhat Evermann and Kendall Fish from Central Ecuador. 101 distant from the front of anal but apparently representing the 7th ray which is always present in the females and absent from the fin proper in the males. These females contain ovaries with rather large but still im mature ova. There are several young individuals in our collection. The smallest of these is a trifle more than 1 inch in total length and has the dorsal fold conspicuous and thin and the posterior dorsal spine not concealed but comparatively long and spinuliferous. The color now is plain light brown. TABLE OF PROPORTIONAL MEASUREMENTS OF SPECIMENS OF Cyclopium cydopurn. LOCALITY. PALMIRA PASS. ALAUSI RIVER. Number of specimen 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Sex 9 9 9 9 9 & 9 d in 1788 with a composite description under Pel mum* *nla in which he includes Linnaeus' statement that the body is white and con tradictory matter of his own, stating that the species is dark brown with the underside of the body white. The bird with the dark brown upperparts and white lower- parts was first named in 1783 by Boddaert, who called it Siila leucogastra (Tabl. Plan. Enl. p. 57). Since then authors have usually treated leucogaMra as a synonym of xald. This may have originated from the error of Gmelin in confusing the two species and perhaps even more probably from the references given by Linnaeus which do not belong under the bird he describes. In any case, when the application of an author's description is obvious it is necessary to accept it and not his references to fix the name. In this case it appears that the specific name wla should become a synonym of piscator, and Sula leucogastra Boddaert be used for the species which has so long gone under the name Sula sula. ACCIPITER VELOX PACiFicus (Lesson). In 1888 Mr. Ridgway described the western sharp-shinned hawk as Accipiter velox rufilatus (Proc. IT. S. Nat. Mus., XI, p. 92) taking as the type a specimen from Fort Bridger, Wyoming. In 1845, however, Lesson gives a good description of the male western sharp-shinned hawk from specimens taken at Aca- pulco, Guerrero, Mexico, and California, under the name 37.s>/.x pacificus (Echo du Monde Savant, June 19, 1845, Col. 1086) so that the western sharp-shinned hawk, if a recognizable form, becomes Accipiter velox pacifism (Lesson). This bird occurs only as a winter visitor to Acapulco for which reason the birds of California may be taken as typical of this form. CATHARTES AURA (Linnseus). The common turkey buzzard of North America was named by Linnseus in the 10th Edition of his Systema Naturae (p. 86, 1758). He called it Vultur aura and mentioned only a single Neli on Names of Certain North American Birds. 123 character, the white bill, that is particularly diagnostic of the bird to which the name is commonly applied. In the 12th edition of the Systema however, the feet are said to be flesh colored and the head red. These additions definitely fix the name. This becomes of importance, since two distinct birds are included in the references cited by Linnaeus. Of these Urubu brasUieimb'US Marcgrave appears to be the small yellowheaded buzzard since named (Enops pemigra by Sharpe (Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. I, p. 26, 1874). The remaining principal references are four, two of which are from the West Indies, one from Mexico, and the other from the southeastern United States. In the Mexican reference the common name aunt is quoted from Hernandez this evidently is the source of the name -used by Linnaeus, and it is of interest to find that aura is still the common name of this vulture throughout Mexico. In 1839 Wied in the account of his trip from Rockport, Indiana, to Owensboro, Kentucky, calls attention to the differences between the vultures of this group in Brazil and those of North America (Reise in das Innere Nord-America I. p. 162, footnote, 1839). He considers that the Brazilian bird is the true Cathurtcy aura, and gives to the birds of North Amer ica the provisional name of Cathartes septentrionalis. In these notes Wied describes a pair of North American birds in consid erable detail, but does not specify any definite locality for them. Fortunately he published a later and more elaborate paper upon the same subject (Journal ftir Ornithologie 1856, p. 119), and again describes a pair of North American birds which were taken on the Wabash River near New Harmony, Indiana, where he stayed for some time while visiting Thomas Say. As the measurements are identical in both of these descriptions it be comes evident that these birds were the types of Cathartes sep tentrionalis, and enables us to fix the type locality. The name Vvltur aura of Linmeus as originally used applied to all the red headed vultures of the United States, Mexico, and the West Indies. Recent collections from Mexico and the West Indies show that the birds of these regions are very much smaller than those of the northern United States. The series available for comparison shows that the extremes of the two forms are con nected by regular gradation through the intervening territory. These differences between the birds of the two regions appear to 124 Xdson Names of Certain North American Bi, 1*. be great enough to necessitate the recognition of two geographic forms. This being the case, we have Cathartes aura sept r,, trio ti - alis ( Wied) for the large northern form ranging from the British possessions throughout the United States to northern Mexico. The original name is restricted to the small bird of Mexico, Central America, and the West Indies. The southern form may be considered typical in the State of Vera Cruz, Mexico, which is the region where it was found by Hernandez, upon whose account Linnaeus largely based his original description. The Vera Cruz bird was again named in 1845 when Cassin described Cathartes burrovianus from a specimen a ected near the city of Vera Cruz (Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1845, p. 212). This name has given rise to some difference of opinion among ornithologists. By some it has properly been considered as a small Cathartes aura. Others have treated it as a distinct species. Fortunately Cassin 's type is extant and through the courtesy of Mr. Wi truer Stone of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia I have recently had the oppor tunity to examine it. A careful comparison of this type with a considerable series of birds from the United States, Cuba, the Isle of Pines and various parts of Mexico makes it evident that it is a typical specimen of the small turkey buzzard which occurs throughout southern Mexico, Central America and the West Indies. It is in nearly fresh black plumage but the upper side of the shafts of the primaries are bleached old ivory white to within two or three inches of the tips. The opening through the nostrils has been distorted at the anterior end by a cord used to tie together the mandibles of the fresh bird. This distortion of the nostril from the same cause is shown in a number of other specimens examined. The type of burrocianus is a mounted bird' with the skin of the back of the neck distorted in such a way as to carry the feathering higher up on the nape than normal and thus furnish one of the supposed characters of the species. Birds from Vera Cruz, Cuba, and the Isle of Pines are about the same in size but the island birds have heavier bills. The Jamaica bird is even smaller than the one in Cuba. Birds from northern Mexico, including Lower California and the entire southern border of the United States, are distinctly larger than those from Vera Cruz and Cuba and there appears Ifdxon Nam.es of Certain North American Birds. 125 to be a constant increase in size to the northern part of the birds' range. The typical form of Catharies aura differs from the northern bird in smaller size ; narrower and less well marked brown bor ders to the feathers of the back (the brown border sometimes entirely lacking). The color of the upper side of the shafts of the primaries (brown when freshly moulted) soon bleaches to an old ivory, or yellowish white. . Catharte* aura septentrional is differs from the typical form in larger size ;< more pronounced brown borders to the feathers of the upperiliurts, and the upper side of the shafts of the primaries usually remain permanently dusky brown. The following measurements give an idea of the differences in size between the two forms. Catharies aura : Male (?), near city of Vera Cruz, Mexico. (Type of C. burrovianus) . Wing, 475 ; tail, 215 ; tarsus, 62. Female, Southern Vera Cruz (April 7, 1901, Bangs Coll.). Wing, 475 ; tail, 233 ; tarsus, 63. Cathartes aura septentrionalis : Male, Washington, D. C. (Dec. 25.) Wing, 553 ; tail, 320 ; tarsus, 74.5. Male, Mt. Carmel, 111. (Aug. 1.) Wing, 550 ; tail, 320 ; tar sus, 67. TANGAVIUS INVOLUCRATUS Lesson. In the Revue Zoologique for February, 1839, p. 41, Lesson describes Tan gar ins inrolucratus from a Mexican specimen in the Abeille Collection as follows : ' T. corpore nigro teneoque ; alis, et cauda atrocterulescente splendent Urns ; colli phnnis, amplis, dila- tate in rolucrum forma utibus. ' ' This description evidently applies to a form of Callothrus, and since numerous other new birds described from the Abeille Collection about the same time were from eastern Mexico it is fair to infer that the present species carne from the same region . Both generic and specific names appear to be used for the first time in the place quoted above ; Callothrus of Cassin, 1866, is thus antedated by Tangavius of Lesson, 1839, and involacrat us replaces robustus for the name of the bird of eastern Mexico. 126 Nelson Names of Certain North American Bird^ The birds of this genus in western Mexico ha-ve hitherto been considered specifically distinct from those of eastern Mexico but the series in the Biological Survey Collection show that about the Isthmus of Tehuantepec and southward intergradation takes place so that a rearrangement of the Mexican forms becomes necessary. The South American species becomes Tangavius armenti (Cabanis) and the Mexican species should stand as fol lows : Tangavhts emeu* wiieus (Wagler) Western Mexico. u u assimilis (Nelson) Southwestern Mexico. (( a involucratuA (Lesson) Eastern Mexico. VOL. XVIII, PP. 127-132 APRIL 18, 1905 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON NEW SPECIES OF PARASITIC COPEPODS FROM THE MASSACHUSETTS COAST. BY CHARLES BRANCH WILSON. By Permission of the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution. It is desirable that the following new species of parasitic copepods be included in the list of Crustacea about to be pub lished by the Boston Society of Natural History, since they are very common along the Massachusetts coast. For this reason a brief preliminary description is herewith presented, to be followed in the near future by a more detailed account, accompanied by suitable drawings. Gloiopotes ornatus sp. nov. Type from Woods Holl, Massachusetts. No. 6209 U. S. National Museum. Female. Carapace elliptical ; frontal plates well defined ; no lunules. Pos terior sinuses large and well rounded ; median lobe less than half the entire width, not projecting behind the lateral lobes, its posterior margin concave. Thoracic area very large and oblong, divided by secondary grooves into quarters, each variously ornamented by elevations and depressions of the surface. There are also small spines along either side of the median lobe, while the outer margin of the lateral lobe is ornamented with a row of long wavy hairs, which extend forward about to the center of the carapace: Free segment short and wide, covered dorsally by two broad plates which extend out over the basal joints of the fourth legs. Genital segment horse shoe shaped, about half as wide as the carapace, and prolonged backward in a curved lobe on either side of the abdomen. This segment carries 20-PROC. BIOL. Soc. WASH., VOL. XVIII, 1905. (127) 128 Wilson New Species of Parasitic Copepods. spines on its dorsal surface and lateral margins. On the outer margin also, at about the center of the posterior lobe, is fastened a triangular projection, nearly as long as the lobe itself and toothed on its inner margin. Abdomen cylindrical and two-jointed ; basal joint wider than terminal and about half as long; terminal joint with spherical swelling at its center, ornamented dorsally and laterally with spines. This species differs from the two already described in the genus (G. hygomianus, Stp. & Ltk. and G. huttoni, Thompson) chiefly in the size and shape of the dorsal plates on the free segment, in the grooving on the dor sal surface of the carapace, in the fringe of long hairs on the lateral margin of the carapace, and in minor details of the appendages, especially the first maxillae and furca. The first maxillae are three-parted, the outer prong broad and spatulate, the two inner ones shorter and acute. The furca has bifid branches, the outer ones extending nearly at right angles to the base of the central sinus, the inner ones slightly divergent, with a broad U-shaped sinus between them. Color a uniform yellowish gray, somewhat darker where the surface is raised in ornamentation. Total length, 11 mm.; width, 4.6 mm. Outside surface of swordfish. (ornatus, ornamented.) Alebion gracile sp. nov. Type from Vineyard Sound, Massachusetts. No. 8122 U. S. National Museum. Female. Carapace elliptical, projecting somewhat at the center. Posterior sinuses broad, somewhat enlarged at the base and dividing the carapace into nearly even thirds. Both median and lateral lobes squarely truncated. Free segment nearly as wide as genital segment and carrying a pair of dor sal plates whose outer margins are strongly convex. Genital segment a little more than half as wide as the carapace, widest at the center and pro longed posteriorly on either side into a stout conical spine which reaches beyond the tips of the anal laminae. Abdomen two-jointed ; first joint larger than second, and extending backward on either side of the latter in a blunt conical projection similar to those on the genital segment. The terminal segment is strongly constricted at its base and is only about half the width of the basal segment. Anal papillae large, nearly as long as the terminal segment, and curved in toward each other at the tip. Of the appendages, the first maxillae are reduced to mere semicircular plates attached flatly to the ventral surface of the carapace, while the sec ond pair are also flat laminae but considerably larger. The exopods of the first three pairs of swimming legs carry the stout corneous claws pecu liar to this genus, and the fourth pair are so rudimentary as to be invisible in dorsal view. The fifth pair is entirely lacking. Male. The most noticeable difference between the male and female is in the proportion of the different body regions. The carapace is orbicular rather than elliptical while the rest of the body is strongly narrowed, mak ing the contrast between the two very striking. The free segment lacks the plates on its dorsal surface but carries on either side a rounded protub- Wilson New Species of Parasitic Copepods. 129 erance which represents the rudiments of a plate. The genital segment is small and spindle-shaped without a trace of the posterior spines found in the female. The fifth legs are plainly visible on the ventral surface of this segment. The abdomen is very narrow and made up of two spindle- shaped segments of about the same size ; the anal papillae are like those in the female. The second antennae are much larger and stronger than in the opposite sex, the terminal claws are branched like a stag's horn and are evidently used for clasping organs. The other appendages are like those of the female with the exception of the second swimming legs which have a long conical sexual appendage in place of the large claws of the female. Total length of female, 10 mm.; width of carapace, 4.9 mm. Total length of male, 6 mm.; width of carapace, 3.2 mm. The entire animal is a clear* horn color like the finger nails, so transparent as to be invisible on the fish's body. This species is very common on the outside surface of the smooth dog fish, almost every fish yielding one or more specimens. (gracilis, graceful, slender.) Alebion glabrum sp. nov. Type from Woods Holl, Massachusetts. No. 8123 U. S. National Museum. Female, Carapace orbicular, squarely truncated posteriorly. Frontal plates well defined. Posterior sinuses broad and deeper than in gracilis, the lateral lobes relathely wider and rounded instead of truncate poster iorly. Free segment narrow and carrying a pair of dorsal plates which are nearly circular in outline, in strong contrast to those of gracilis. Genital segment half the width of the carapace, oblong in shape, with nearly par allel sides and smooth rounded angles. The entire surface and the margins of this segment are smooth without a trace of the fringe of spines to be found in other species. The abdomen is two-jointed, the joints about the same size. On either side of the first joint a semicircular wing or thin fold of integument projects laterally from the dorsal surface, the combined width of joint and wings being half that of the genital segment. Terminal segment slightly spindle-shaped and tipped with small anal papillae. The egg-strings are wider and longer than those in gracilis, being once and a half the length of the body. The appendages present many differ ences in detail which are of minor value, the chief distinction of the species lying in the relative size and shape of the body regions. Male. Carapace distinctly longer than wide and obovate, with the widest portion very far back. Posterior sinuses triangular and flaring widely. Free segment long and narrow, less than half the width of the genital seg ment, and without a trace of the dorsal plates. Genital segment narrow and spindle-shaped, squarely truncated posteriorly with a small spine at each posterior corner. The fifth legs are plainly visible on the lateral margins of this segment near its center. Abdomen made up of two nearly equal segments without the wings which appear in the female. Anal laminae very much larger than in the female and armed with long and slender setae. 130 IIY/xoft New Species of Parasitic Copepods. Total length of female, 12 mm. ; width of carapace, 5.9 mm. Total length of male, 7.6 mm. ; width of carapace, 3.1 mm. A grayish horn color, nearly uniform throughout ; not quite as transparent as in gracilis. Very common on the outside surface of the sand shark, and also frequently found on the smooth dog-fish in company with the preceding species. (glabrum, smooth.) Nesippus alatus sp. nov. Type from Buzzards Bay, Massachusetts.* > Female. Carapace transversely elliptical, the width once and three- quarters the length. Frontal plates distinct and, with a portion of the cephalic area, projecting in a half circle from the anterior margin. Posterior lobes short and wide ; thoracic area quadrilateral and raised a little above the rest of the dorsal surface. Eye distinctly tripartite. Only the first thoracic segment fused with the head, the others free. Second and third segments fused inter se and carrying a single rectangular plate on either side. Fourth segment free, considerably narrower than the first two and covered dorsal ly with a pair of fused plates. These plates are much larger than in other species, circular in outline, and they overlap the genital segment for some little distance. Genital segment elliptical with evenly rounded outlines, the length to the breadth in the proportion of 8 to 5. Abdomen very small, triangular in shape, and attached about its own length in front of the poster ior margin of the genital segment, on the ventral surface of the latter. It is thus invisible in dorsal view, but the two large anal laminae show up for their entire size. The appendages closely resemble those in N. orientalis Heller, and N. crypturus Heller, with an impartial distribution of the simi larity. Thus the first antennae are like those in both species; the second pair show most resemblance to those of orientalis ; the second maxillae are like those of crypturus; the first maxillipeds like orientalis, the second pair most like crypturus. But in the present species the second maxillipeds are much more massive than any heretofore described and approach closely the condition seen in Pandarus. There are also sucking disks or pads at the base of both pairs of antennae very similar to those in Pandarus. Male. Carapace semi-elliptical, a trifle wider than long, squarely trun cated posteriorly, with a long and narrow lobe at each of the posterior corners. Free thoracic segments of about the same length but diminishing regularly in width, none of them fused and none carrying dorsal plates. Genital segment small, a little narrower than the preceding segment and of about the same length and width, with reentrant corners. Abdomen very short, the basal joint scarcely visible beneath the posterior border of the genital segment ; anal laminae no larger than in the female but with much longer setae. Total length of female, 7 mm. ; width of carapace, 3.8 mm. Total length of male, 4.55 mm. ; width of carapace, 2.3 mm. *The types of this species and the next will be eventually placed in the U. S. National Museum. Wilson New Species of Parasitic Copepods. 131 Color of female a light yellowish white, fairly transparent, the egg-strings almost pure white. The male is darker in color and usually becomes brown in preservatives. The females of this species are found upon the gill arches of the common sand-shark, rarely on the floor or roof of the mouth. The male is found on the outside surface of the body in company with both sexes of the pre ceding species. It can not be regarded as abundant since it is rare to find more than one female on the same fish, but it is fairly common. (alatus, furnished with wings.) Eudactylina nigra sp. nov. Type from Buzzards Bay, Massachusetts. Fe ni' tie. Body elongated, largest at the anterior end and tapering regu larly to a blunt point at the posterior end. The six free thoracic segments diminish regularly in width but are of very different lengths, the first one being the shortest, and the fifth one the longest. The carapace covers the head and projects more or less over the first free segment, sometimes nearly hiding it in dorsal view. It is of about the same length and width, with rounded corners and a deeply emarginate posterior border ; the sides also are often more or less emarginate. The first antennae are very prominent at the anterior margin, and their basal joints appear like the frontal plates in the Callgidae. Both pairs of maxillipeds project beyond the lateral margin of the carapace and stand out prominently in a dorsal view. Each of the first four thorax segments carries a pair of biramous swimming legs; on the last two segments the legs are rudimentary and consist of a basal joint only, without rami. On the sixth segment they can be seen plainly only on immature females and ap parently disappear in the adult. The egg-sacks are attached to the sides of the sixth (genital) segment ; each is fully as wide as the genital segment, considerably more than half as long as the entire body, and contains from eight to twelve eggs. The abdomen is very small and two-jointed, with minute anal laminae. Of the appendages, the second maxillae differ from those in other species by being much longer and more slender, and are plumose for their entire length. The second maxillipeds also are larger than in any described species, and stand out more prominently in dorsal view. These two par ticulars will at once distinguish the present species from all others. Total length, 2.4 mm.; length of carapace, 0.5 mm.; width of carapace, 0.4 mm.; length of egg-strings, 1.3 mm. General color a dark brown or black, the brown shade due to the two long and irregular ovaries, the black to the contents of the intestine. The eggs are very large and also dark brown in color, so that the living copepod shows well against the red background of the gills. This species is found abundantly on the gills of the sand shark, being firmly fastened by its second maxillipeds to the gill filaments. Many hundreds may often be secured from a single shark. (nigra, black.) VOL. XVIII, pp. 133-134 APRIL 18, 1905 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON A NEW FLYING SQUIRREL FROM THE COAST OF ALASKA. BY WILFRED H. OSGOOD. Nearly all the resident birds and mammals of the coast region of southeastern Alaska belong to peculiar forms characterized by dark intensified colors. Among the few mammals that have thus far escaped description is the flying squirrel. It has been long known to occur there but, until recently, specimens have not reached any of our museums. Some two years ago, while working in the region, I commis sioned a trapper to secure specimens of flying squirrels for the Biological Survey and gave him instructions in preparing skins. As a result, a series of six well -prepared specimens have been recently received. These, as was expected, are quite different from any of the previously described forms. For the privilege of describing the new form I am indebted to Dr. C. Hart Merriam . Sciuropterus alpinus zaphaeus subsp. nov. Type from Helm Bay, Cleveland Peninsula, southeastern Alaska. 9 'ad. No. 130,137 U. S. National Museum, Biological Survey Collection. Jan uary 21, 1905. Cyrus Catt. 21 PKOC. Bior,. Soc. WASH., VOL. XVIII, 1905. (133) 134 Osgood A New Flji'nxj Squirrel from Coast of A General characters. Most similar to Sciuropterus alpinus ; color much darker throughout; tail, sides of belly, orbital region, forearm, and upper sides of feet much more dusky. Color. Type : Upperparts from occiput to base of tail pale russet, be tween russet and wood brown; sides of head gray and dusky ; the dusky, which is practically black, forms a line from the base of whiskers to and around the eye and thence becomes plumbeous gray to the posterior base of the ear ; lower cheeks mixed whitish gray and dusky ; lateral line black with scarcely any suggestion of brownish tinge; concealed hairs of under side of lateral line pure creamy white ; upper side of forearm deep blackish brown continuous with and but slightly paler than lateral line; sides of throat grayish lightly mixed with dusky, becoming creamy buff in axillary region; a blackish spot just below lower lip; throat whitish, becoming creamy posteriorly; breast creamy buff faintly tinged with dusky, same color continuous down middle of belly; sides of belly and thence down under side of hind legs pale creamy heavily mixed with dusky producing a buffy gray effect; a small whitish area just in front of anal region ; anal region pale russet mixed with dusky; hairs of upper side of tail bright broc coli brown subterminally, overlaid and nearly obscured by sooty black; under side of tail slightly more rufescent than upper and less heavily over laid by sooty ; under side of tail with an indistinct grayish median line ; upper sides of fore and hind feet blackish brown. Skull. Practically as in Sciuropterus alpinu*. Measurements. Type: Total length, 311 ; tail vertebrae, 133; hind foot, 42. Average of 6 adults: Total length, 307 (292-311) ; tail vertebra, 144 (133-152); hind foot, 4 1 (40-12).* Skull oftype: Basilar length of Hensel, 32.3; occipito-nasal length, 41.4; zygomatic breadth, 26.2 ; constriction in front of postorbital processes, 8.3; median length of nasals, 12.8; upper toothrow, 8.2. Remarks. This form needs close comparison only with S. alpinus, which is represented in the Biological Survey Collection by at least four typical examples, two from Jasper House, Alberta, practically topotypes, and two from Stuart Lake, B. C. The most convenient characters for distinguishing it are the gray cheeks, the sooty feet, almost pure black lateral line, rela tively dark forearm, and the heavy mixture of dusky on the sides of the belly. S. a.faliginosus, S. yukonensis, and S. oregonensis have the underparts either so much paler or so much more rufescent as to require no comparison. * Total length and tail measurements are the metric equivalents of inches and frac tions taken by the collector ; hind foot measurements taken from dry specimen. VOL. XVIII, PP. 135-140 APRIL 18, 1905 PROCEEDINGS OP THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON DESCRIPTIONS OF APPARENTLY NEW MAMMALS OF THE GENERA OVIBOS, CYNOMYS AND MUSTELA. BY D. G. ELLIOT, F. R. S. E., ETC. The specimens described in the present paper have been in the collection of the Field Columbian Museum for a considerable time, some of them indeed for several years. It is regretted that an exact locality can not be given for the new race of the musk-ox, but this, as every collector knows, is practically impossible, when the specimens are obtained from the natives of any country an approximate locality being all that can be given. Only the trained collector appreciates the impor tance of recording the exact place at which his specimens were procured . Ovibos moschatus niphoecus* subsp. nov. BLACK MUSK-OX. Type from the region north of Hudson Bay; exact locality unknown. Type No. 1267, Field Columbian Museum. General characters. In color intermediate between 0. moschntus and 0. m. wardi. Most of the young animals, and some of those in the prime of life, have a narrow white band between the ears back of the horns, but no white on the face. The old bull, which is in worn pelage, has no white hairs anywhere, while the aged cow, presumably his mate (as all the speci- * vl(f>a snow, and to dwell to dwell amid the snow. 22 PROC. BIOL. Soc. WASH., VOL. XVIII, 1905. (135) 136 Elliot New Mammals. mens, twelve in number, were stated to have been killed out of the same herd), has a small quantity of white on the face. The color of the legs is different from that of both the other named forms, being grayish white on fore legs, but blackish or black and gray on the hind legs. The curve of the horns is between that of 0. moschatm and 0. m. wardi, projecting outward more than in the first, but much less, and closer to the head than in the latter. The skulls exhibit the same intermediate characteristics. Those of moschaltts and wardi in their general characters are nearer to each other than either of them is to that of the present race, which in certain points agrees with both. The nasal bones of moschatus are long and much more slender than those of ward!, while those of the present race are short and broad for their length, but more nearly resemble those of moschatus. The shape of the lacrymal in the new subspecies at once attracts attention, and is quite different from that exhibited by its allies. Forming a portion of the wall of the bony orbit, it is much smaller and less wide than in either of the other forms. In moschatus it is a long bone, widening grad ually from the posterior end to the anterior, the posterior half slanting backward, and at a greatly lessened angle to the anterior portion. The lacrymal bone of wardi is compressed in the middle, the posterior portion standing at a right angle to the anterior, and widening broadly at its forward termination. The lacrymal of the present subspecies, in comparison to those of its relatives is a small bone, in shape nearer that of moschatus than of wardi and, as in the former, not compressed in the middle to any extent, with the posterior end sloping backward even more than in that of moschatus. It resembles therefore the lacrymal of moschatus more than it does that of wardi, but is conspicuously different in its smaller size. The horn cores slant away from the skull more than do those of moschatus, but much less than those of wardi. A ridge runs along the malar beneath the orbit and turning down ward in front of the orbit extends onto the maxilla continuing onwards in moschatus to above the third premolar, in wardi, and the present subspecies to above the fourth premolar. In wardi this ridge is exceedingly sharp, especially in front of the orbit, in moschatus much less so, and in 0. m. niphcecus it is rounded on top along its entire length. On the under surface of the skulls the paroccipital processes attract the eye by their very different size and shape, those of moschatus and wardi, being broad, heavy, and curv ing inward at the tip, while those of the new race are slender, erect, and graduating to the narrow tips, thus presenting an altogether different ap pearance. The bullse of wardi are arcuate in shape, the posterior portion turning outward away from the line of the anterior portion, and are of large size, and but slightly curved on the superior outline. Those of the new form are next in size though not so large as those of wardi, only of a slightly arcuate shape, and greatly curved on the superior outline which is sharp. The bullse of moschatus are the smallest of the three. The postglenoid foramen is widely open in moschatus, much less so in niphcc.cus and greatly contracted in wardi; and the glenoid processes of the three forms are of quite different shapes, being very broad with rounded tips in moschatus, much smaller but of similar form in wardi, and high and narrow in the new subspecies. The basioccipital of 0. m. niphcecus narrows rapidly Elliot New Mammals. 137 toward its anterior end, being somewhat the shape of an arrowhead di vested of its point, while the same bone in the other two forms preserves an equal width for nearly the entire length. The basisphenoid and pres- phenoid are also narrower in the new form. The foramen ovale, and fora men lacerum anterius are both larger and more widely open than are those in the forms compared, and the foramen rotundum is also larger. Color. Type, bull in prime of life. A narrow whitish band between ears, behind the bosses of the horns, and a small brown saddle on middle of back ; rest of head, neck and body, jet black. Fore legs grayish in front, black behind changing into grayish white above the hoofs ; hind legs black in front, becoming gray above hoof; grayish on sides and hinder part. Long black hairs on body covering the legs to the knees. Nose and lips and chin grayish white; ears black. The young ball, female, and calves resemble the type in their jet black hue and in the vary ing color of the legs. The old bull is of a dark brown hue be coming black upon the flanks, but no white whatever showing anywhere. The old cow is of the same general color as the aged bull, but has a little white upon the sides of the nose. Measurements. Skull : Total length, 430 ; occipito-nasal length, 355 ; greatest breadth across orbits, 245 ; median length of nasals, 121 ; greatest width posteriorly, 64; anterior width (at tips), 13; zygomatic width, 168; palatal arch to end of premaxillae, 249 ; greatest width of palatal floor be tween fourth premolars, 76; length of horn core from edge on top of head to tip, 230; length of upper tooth row, alveolar border outer side, 140 ; posterior width of basioccipital, 62 ; anterior width in front of bullse, 32; length of mandible, 345 ; length of lower tooth row, alveolar border outer side, 145. Remarks. Comparison of skulls has been made between specimens of 0. moschatus from north of Great Slave Lake and one of 0. m. wardi brought from Bache Peninsula, west side of Kane Basin, by Commander Peary, kindly loaned to me by Dr. J. A. Allen of the New York Museum. These with the skulls of 0. m. niphcecus were from bulls of about the same age. Shortly after my return from the expedition into Africa in 1896, I re ceived information that twelve specimens of musk-ox had arrived at NBW Bedford, Mass., and I at once sent the Taxidermist of the Museum to see them and report upon their condition. The report being favorable, the twelve were purchased and brought to the Museum. The account given of these individuals by Mr. Luce of Thomas Luce & Cq. of New Bedford, was, that on a previous voyage of one of their whaling ships, the firm, having decided to try to obtain some musk-oxen, directed the captain to make arrangements with the Eskimos for their capture, and ammunition and supplies for the hunt were provided. This was done, and on the next trip, carrying the necessary desiderata, the ship was met at a point on the coast (the exact locality unknown to me) by the Eskimos, who, on receiving the supplies, departed for the interior, agreeing to meet the ship at the same place on its return south in the autumn, with such skins as they might have been successful enough to secure. On the ship's arrival in the autumn the Eskimos were at the place appointed with the skins of twelve 138 A7//o/ New M to jj the length of the culm, stout, rigid, internodes terete, glabrous. Sheaths closely enveloping the internodes scarious along the margins, glabrous; ligule obsolete, blades rigid, erect, involute, filiform, sharply-pointed, scabrous on the back, strongly nerved and scabrous above and on the margins. Spike rigid, erect, long-exserted, 5 to 8 cm. long. Spikelets strict, erect, few-flowered. Internodes of the rachilla 1 mm. long, hispid. Empty glumes subulate, entire or bifid, 2- nerved, very scabrous along the nerves, with a stout, scabrous, ascending awn 3 to 4 cm. long; flowering glumes coriaceous, lanceolate, applanate on the back, 8 to 9 mm. long, nearly 2 mm. wide, scabrous, with a stout, ascend ing or spreading awn about 5 cm. long arising from between two short teeth ; palet shorter than the flowering glume, obtuse, callus hispid. Internodes of the rachis compressed, scabrous along the margins, somewhat dilated above, about 4 to 5 mm. long. "Type collected by David Griffiths, No. 735, Rapid City, South Dakota, August 28, 1897. Growing on dry knolls. This species is doubtfully referred to Agropyron. It agrees with species of Sitanion in having the rachis of the spike subarticulate at maturity ; the empty glumes bifid, and the flowering glume trifid. It is like Elymus in the lanceolate empty glumes, scabrous callus of the flowering glume, and scabrous internodes of the rachilla, but the solitary spikelets and opposite empty glumes enclosing the base of the spikelet between them denote a closer generic affinity with Agropyron, although it is not closely related to any of the American species." Agropyron flexuosum comb. nov. SUanion flejcnomm Piper, Erythea 7 : 10. (1899). Repeated field observations of this species since its publication, together with the careful study of a large series of specimens, demonstrate that it must be considered a close relative of Agropyron spicatum (Pursh). It is not at all uncommon to find the spikelets at some of the nodes of the rachis in this last- species, for instance in Cusick's No. 1914, from eastern 150 /'//>/'/ Xriraiid Interesting American Grasses. Oregon ; in Flett's No. 1383, from Skamania Co., Wash.; and in Piper's No. 3953 from Wawawai, Wash. This, of course, is an approach toward Kl mus mollis Trin. Eiymus capitatus Scribn., U. S. Dept. Agr. Div. Agrost. Bull. 1 1 : 55, 1898. The supposed species K. capitatus is merely a form of E. mollis Trin. mod ified by the attacks of nematode worms in the ovaries. This form is confined almost entirely to sand dunes, in which localities from fifty to ninety percent, of the plants have the heads thus affected. The attacks of these microscopic worms in E. mollis result in the heads becoming much shorter and broader, so as to vary from subglobose to oblong, while the spikelets become some what proliferous, all the parts being abnormally elongated and less hairy. It is not uncommon to find both normal and affected heads on the same plant, the contrast in their forms being striking. Ely mus mollis is abundant all along the Alaskan coast, while the capitatus form is plentiful on the sand dunes near Yakutat and on Cook Inlet near Homer and near Kenai. VOL. XVIII, PP. 151-156 JUNE 9, 1905 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON DESCRIPTIONS OF SEVEN NEW SUBSPECIES OF AMERICAN BIRDS. BY OUTRAM BANGS. The seven birds herein described as new subspecies are from material that has accumulated in the Bangs collection, from various sources, during the past few years. The descriptions have been prepared from time to time and are now published together to avoid the inconvenience of a number of short articles. Crypturus sou! mustelinus subsp. nov. SANTA MARTA TINAMOU. Type from mountains near Santa Marta, Colombia, 3,000 feet altitude, $ adult, No. 5002, coll. of E. A. and O. Bangs. Collected February 4, 1898, by W. W. Brown, Jr. Characters. Similar to true C. soni of Guiana and Venezuela, but much more brightly colored. Adult 9 : Whole upperparts, except crown which is dusky, rich, bright chestnut, the wing coverts tipped with orange-rufous and ferruginous (in true C. soui the upperparts are, in the adult ? Prout's brown shading on rump toward burnt umber, and hazel on wing coverts) ; underparts rich tawny-ochraceous or tawny, becoming darker and brighter, more ochraceous-rufous on sides, under surface of neck and upper breast, with a slight vinous cast overlaying this color on neck, not decidedly paler in middle of belly (in true C. soui the underparts are much duller and paler with a decidedly paler-buffy-patch in middle of belly) ; chin white ; throat white, the feathers tipped with ochraceous. 25 PROC. BIOL. Soc. WASH., VOL. XVIII, 1905. (151) 152 Bangs Seven New Subspecies of American Birds. MEASUREMENTS. No. Sex. Locality. Wing. Tail. Tar sus. Cul- men. 5002 6129 9 ad. $ ad. ! Santa Marta, Colombia, 3,000 ft. LaConcepcion, 3,000ft. 128 125 . 27 28 39 37.5 20 19.5 Remarks. This form, which replaces true soui of Guiana and Venezuela in the Santa Marta region of Colombia is much more brightly colored than the typical form, and judged from the plate and descriptions is not unlike C. caslaneus Scl. in color. That it is not that species, but a member of the soui series, is shown by its whitish throat and smaller dimensions. I have seen several specimens from Guiana and have one adult 9 taken by Capt. Wirt Robinson at San Julian, Venezuela, that is just like them. In fact, Plate 829, of d'Aubenton's Planches Enlumineez, on which Cr>/i>- turus soui was based, could not be more like this specimen, if it had actually been taken from it. Crypturus soui mustelitius needs no comparison with the dark-necked form C. soui modestus that occurs just north of it in Panama. I have seen no males of the new form, but undoubtedly they would be much darker and duller than the females as is the case with most species of Crypturus. Scardafella inca dialeucos subsp. nov. NICARAGUA SCALED DOVE. Type from the boundary line between Honduras and Nicaragua, 180 miles from Pacific coast.* No. 4796, coll. of E. A. and O. Bangs. Characters. Somewhat similar to true S. inca of Mexico, etc., but larger wing coverts grayish white in marked contrast to rest of coverts ; under- parts more distinctly barred with blackish, the bars extending over the entire breast, though less distinct as they reach the throat; vinaceous of breast much paler and more restricted, the buffy white of belly reaching farther forward. Similar also to 8. ridgwayi f of South America, but upper- parts much darker, with the dusky squamatulations less distinct; light patch on wing not so white; and underparts less heavily barred with blackish. Size as in S. inca inca. Measurements. Type: Wing, 89; tail, 90.5; tarsus, 16; culmen, 15. Remarks. Scardafella inca inca ranges from southern Arizona and Texas through Mexico and Guatemala, with but little if any geographical varia tion, but at the very southern extremity of its range gives place to a race that in all the points of difference from the northern form approaches S. * The type is one of a collection* of birds which was bought by me some years ago from an engineer who had been engaged in work on the boundary line between Hon duras and Nicaragua. The specimens were all taken at one point in summer and early autumn. t Dr. Richmond has pointed out that, even if S. ridgwayi of Margarita Id. is not con sidered a valid form the name must hold for the species, Columba squamosa Temm. and Knip. being preoccupied. Bangs Seven New Subspecies of American Birds. 153 rldgwayi of South America. In fact, if there was not a wide gap between the ranges of S. inca and S. ridgwayi the new form here described might almost be looked upon as an intergrade between them. Claravis pretiosa Hvida subsp. nov. COLOMBIAN GRAY DOVE. Type from Rio Cauca, Colombia, cT adult, No. 4056, coll. of E. A. and O. Bangs. Collected June, 1898, by J. H. Batty. Characters. Very similar to true C. pretiosa (Ferrari-Perez) of Mexico, but paler throughout. Adult cT with the breast and belly pearl gray (French gray to cinereous in true C. pretiosa). Adult 9 with wings, back and head paler brown. MEASUREMENTS. No. Sex. Locality. Wing. Tail. Tar- SUS. Cul- men. 4056 c?ad. Colombia Rio Cauca 114 73 182 15 4055 4054 tfad. 9 ad. Colombia, Las Tambos .... Colombia Castilla 115 114 74 70 18.6 18 15 144 Remarks. In 1886, Fernando Ferrari-Perez * substituted the name pre- tiosd, based on Mexican birds, for the preoccupied cinerea f by which title the gray dove had till then been known. In Catalogue of Birds in British Mus. XXI, Salvador! mentions no differ ences between northern and southern examples of the gray dove, but calls the bird throughout its range by the preoccupied name cinerea, and even Sharped though he recognizes the Mexican form by Ferrari- Perez's name, retains for the southern form cinerea of Temm. and Knip. The Colombian form is only a closely related subspecies, differing chiefly in the much paler head and underparts in the male. The darkest skins of true C. pretiosa I have seen come from Mexico, while a large series from Panama shows a tendency toward the paler colors of C. pretiosa liiida, though none quite match the Colombian form in this respect and some are almost as dark as Mexican birds. Qeotrygon martinica digressa subsp. nov. GUADELOUPE QUAIL DOVE. Type from Guadeloupe, Lesser Antilles. 9 adult. No. 11,442, coll. of E. A. and O. Bangs. Collected May 9, 1901. Characters. Much larger than G. martinica martinica (Linn.) and much paler in coloration. General color of upperparta bright hazel, glossed with * Catalogue of Mexican Animals, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., IX, p. 175, 1886. f Columba cinerea Scop., Del. Flor. et Faun. Insubr. II, p. 94, n. 93, 1786, being some eastern dove not yet satisfactorily identified, but of course excluding the use of Columba cinerea Temm. and Knip., Pig. I, p. 126, pi. 58, 1808-11, for the American Gray Dove. I Hand-List of Birds, Vol. I, p. 82, 1899. 154 Ba n gs Seven of Aim-riran Bird*. metallic rose purple (the upperparts in true G. martinica are almost liver brown and the metallic gloss is lilac) ; crop region vinaceous-pink (dark purplish viuaceous in true G. martinica) ; belly and under tail coverts paler, more buffy, less brownish or clay color. MEASUREMENTS. No. Sex. Locality. Wing. Tail. Tar sus. Cul- men. 11 442 9 ad Guadeloupe 169 84 36 25 Specimens of Geotrygon martinica martinica measure 13,513 tfad. Dominica 152 75 33 25 13,514 13,556 13,557 27.427* dad. 9 ad. ? ad. ad. do do do Sta. Lucia 150 150 156 152 71.5 74 76 79 33 33 33.5 33 24 25 245 245 27,428* 27,429* 28,575* ad. ad. ad. do. do. do. 149 153 150 77 79 79 33.5 34 34 26 25 26 Remarks. If the large series of G. martinica I have examined in this con nection is properly sexed by the collectors, and I see no reason why it is not so, then the sexes in this quail dove do not differ in color. The plain dark colored examples are all marked "young" and appear to be such. These had been supposed to be adult females, and the species was given by Salvador! in Cat. Birds, Brit. Mus., Vol. XXI, as having the same dif ference in color between the sexes as Geotrygon montana. I have seen no skins from Martinique, but have examined a number from both Dominica and Sta. Lucia which are precisely similar. The one specimen from Guadeloupe differs so much from these that the question is simply whether it shall be called a species or subspecies ; the latter course perhaps better expresses its relationship. The present subdivision of the species, then, restricts true G. martinica to Sta. Lucia, Martinique, and Dominica and makes the bird of Guadeloupe a well-marked island form. Specimens from Guadeloupe appear to be very rare in collections and when Salvador! wrote Vol. XXI. he could only con jecture that the bird probably occurred there. Dacnis cayana callaina subsp. nov. CHIRIQUI DACNIS. Type from Divala, Chiriqui, c? adult, No. 8200, Coll. of E. A. and O Bangs. Collected November 2, 1900, by W. W. Brown, Jr. Characters. Adult d* with the blue portion of the plumage cerulean or turquoise, exactly as in D. cayana cayana, of South America, but at once distinguished from that form by the throat being dull bluish green instead *Mus. of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, Mass. Bangs V/r// Xnr Subspecies of American Birds. 155 of black, and the throat patch less extensive. Similar in size and color of throat patch, to D. cayana ultramarina of Panama to eastern Nica ragua, but the blue portion of the plumage very different, being in the latter form bright ultramarine or cobalt. Size as in true D: cayana.. Type, cT adult: Wing, 61 ; tail, 41.5; tarsus, 15.2 ; culmen, 12.6. Remarks. This is the form about which there has been so much discus sion. Salvin and Godman in Biol. Cent. Am. I, p. 244, mention its pecu liarities and say that the pale color of the throat is perfectly constant, but that they do not consider this a distinctive character. Ridgway in Birds of North and Middle America, II, p. 393, foot-note, again calls attention to the differences shown by the Chiriqui bird and very hesitatingly refers it to true D. cayana on account of lack of material. In my way of looking at the geographical races of birds I can see no al ternative but to give this form a name. It is remarkable that in Chiriqui there should be a race of Dacnis cayana so exactly like the South American form in general coloration, except for the throat, and yet cut off from that form and nearly surrounded by the dark colored D. cayana ultramarina. There are, however, many other peculiar forms in Chiriqui with equally restricted ranges. It is also remarkable that the bird of central Peru should be so much like the Chiriqui form, from which it differs chiefly in size. The measure ments given by Von Berlepsch and Stolzmann for their Dacnis cayana ylaucogularis from La Merced are : Wing, 66.5 to 67 ; tail, 45 to 49.5 ; tarsus, 15; culmen, 13 (two adult males). Mr. Harry C. Oberholser has kindly compared my Chiriqui male and one in the National Museum with five skins of D. cayana glaucogularis from Peru and finds the difference in size to be constant, and the Chiriqui form also to be paler and more greenish in color. Calospiza lavinia cara subsp. nov. HONDURAS TANAGER. Type from Ceiba, Honduras, c? young adult, No. 10,024, coll. of E. A. and O. Bangs. Collected January 9, 1902, by W. W. Brown, Jr. Characters. Similar in color to C. lavinia lavinia (Cassin) from northern Colombia to Nicaragua, but much larger with a much longer and more slender bill. MEASUREMENTS. No. Sex. Wing. Tail. Tarsus. Exposed Culmen. i 73 50.5 19 12 .4 >type 70 48 17.2 12 10.024 6* type 10.025 ? Rnnark*. In a paper on the birds and mammals collected by Mr. Brown on the coast of Honduras * I mentioned the peculiarities of these two * Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. XXXIX, No. 6, p. 155, July, 1903. 156 Bangs Seven New Subspecies of American Birch. specimens, and called attention to the fact that the place whence they came was the most northern from which the species had been recorded. Since then I have examined a number of additional skins of true C. lavinia from all of which the Honduras bird differs so much in size and length of bill, that it must certainly be regarded as a well-defined subspecies quite worthy of recognition by name. Phcenicothraupis rubica confinis subsp. nov. HONDURAS ANT TANAGER. Type from Yaruca, Honduras, cT adult, No. 10,034, coll. of E. A. and O. Bangs. Collected February 25, 1902, by W. W. Brown, Jr. Characters. Adult cT intermediate in color between true P. rubica of South America and P. rubica vinacea of Costa Rica to Panama much darker, more vinaceous red than in rubica, but lacking the dusky mottling on throat of vinacea. Compared with the male of P. rubica rubicoides of southern Mexico, the new form is much deeper red and vinaceous below and much redder, less brownish above. Adult $ quite different in color from that sex in the allied forms much greener than in true rubica with little of the reddish brown shade so marked, especially on tail, in that form ; crown patch clearer, paler yellow. Not so greenish in general color ation as vinacea with the throat much yellower, wholly lacking the dusky mottling. From the female of rubicoides the new form differs in much greener less brownish general coloration and in having the yellowish throat patch much more clearly marked and much yellower, less brownish. Size a little less than in P. rubica rubica. MEASUREMENTS. No. Sex. Wing. Tail. Tarsus. Culmen. 10,034 U),03> 10,036 10,037 10,038 10,039 c? ad. type .... cT ad.topotype . . . d* ad. do 9 ad. do 9 ad. do 9 ad. do 98 97 94.4 90 86 91 80.6 82 77 75 69.6 72.4 23.2 24 24 24 23.2 23 18 18.6 17.6 17.4 18 Remarks. The six specimens on which this well-marked new form is based had lain in my collection identified as P. rubica rubicoides ever since Mr. Brown sent them in, until last winter, when E. W. Nelson saw them and instantly declared them to represent a new form. He very kindly helped me compare them with ample material, when it at once became evident that the form from the coast region of Honduras is quite as strongly characterized as any of the geographical races of Phcenicothraupis rubica. VOL. XVIII, pp. 157-160 JUNE 9, 1905 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON MAMATA AND MAMAIIDJL BY THOMAS R. R. STUBBING. Parental affection will excuse and may almost demand on my part a defense of the terms Mamaia and Ma-maiidae against the rival claims of Pammaya, recently advocated by Miss Mary J. Rath- bun in these proceedings (Vol. XVIII, p. 73, February 21, 1905). We are in substantial agreement as to the general prin ciples that should govern zoological nomenclature, but the facts of the particular case to which those principles are applied re quire to be rather narrowly scrutinized. Briefly to recapitulate, the position is this : Lamarck in 1801 published a generic name Maja (or Mam), which by prompt transfer came into use for the crab known down to the present day as Maia squinado (Herbst). This Maja or Mala is now admitted to be untenable.. In 1837 de Haan published, without description, two figures of a species called on the plate " Pisa (Pammaya) spinigera, n." In 1839 he published a description of " Maja (Maja) spinigera, n. sp.," with a reference to the plate "T. XXIV. f. 4 9 (Para- maya)," and in 1849, under " Errata in tabulis specierum," he writes " Tab. XXIV. fig. 4: Maja (Param-aya) spinigera n.; loge : M. (Maja) spiniy." It should be noticed that neither in U 39 nor in 1849 does de Haan quote the plate legend quite accurately, since on both occasions he uses Paramaya, a word of four syllables, instead of Paramaya, which by the marks of diaeresis was made a word of five syllables, unless we take the y 26 PKOC. Bror,. Soc. WASH., VOL. XVIII. 1905. (157) 158 Stcbbing Mamaia ami Mamaiidse. to represent the Dutch i j, which would throw some doubt on the Latinity of Paramaya. Miss Rathbun argues that it was not within de Haan's com petence, after the publication of his plate, to make the change which he recorded in his text. But here a question arises of somewhat wider interest than the immediate subject of our con troversy. In the introduction to his very valuable ' ' Index Animalium ' ' (p. vii, Cambridge, 1902) Mr. C. D. Sherborn lays down a rule, for which he is himself, I imagine, exclusively responsible. He says : The figure depicted on a plate may, or may not, be the drawing in tended by the author, it is the work of the artist who is also responsible for the descriptive legend. In numerous instances the descriptive legend on a plate is quite erroneous, and has been repudiated by the author in his text. Until the text descriptive of a plate appears, the names on the plate must be considered as nomina nuda, and it is open to any one to de scribe and rename such nomina nuda." Obviously for my present purpose this legislation would be completely decisive, as showing that Paramaya had no validity up to the time when it was disowned and cancelled by its reputed author. To me, however, Mr. Sherborn's statement seerns too sweeping. I can not accept his dictum that the artist is respon sible for the descriptive legend on a plate, in any other sense than that which would make the printer responsible for the descrip tive legend on a page of text. In each case, as we all know, the author's intention may be sadly misrepresented, but in the long run we find ourselves deeply indebted to the general ac curacy both of printers and lithographers. There are cases in which a good figure will tell much more than an indifferent de scription, and in these there seems no reason why the satisfactory figure should not be allowed to give validity to the accompanying name of a species. But this is not the same thing as saying that any and every figure should have the privilege even in regard to specific names. Much more will the license require restric tion when genera or subgenera are in question. Can we really be expected to accept de Haan's two figures of the species spinigera as an adequate definition of a new subgenus ? How could that be adequate for the rest of the world, when it was not adequate for the author himself ? Paramaya of the figures was Stebbing Mdmaia and Mamaiidse. 159 a subgenus of Pisa, but this subgenus was never described, simply because investigation showed that there was no such subgenus. It was not the name only that was dropped, but the thing. That which de Haan eventually described was a subgenus, not of Pisa, but of Maja. It must be considered fortunate that he did not choose to name it Paramaya, for, had he done so, we should have been saddled with a generic name and several others consequent upon it all signifying a relationship to Maja, when carcinology no longer possessed a Maja to which they could be either nearly or distantly related. Under these circum stances I trust that Mamaia and Mamaiidse will be allowed to stand. VOL. XVIII, PP. 161-162 JUNE 29, 1905 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON DESCRIPTION OF A NEW GENUS AND SPECIES OF TPvOCHILIDAE. BY HARRY C. OBERHOLSER. A single specimen of a hummingbird in the collection of the Field Columbian Museum of Chicago seems to represent a new genus as well as a new species. It is here described through the courtesy of Mr. Charles B. Cory, the Curator of Birds in this museum. Aeronympha* gen. nov. Chars, gen. Wings of moderate length, reaching when closed to within about 12 millimeters of the end of the tail ; none of the primaries narrowed, but much as in Vest! pedes and Cynnolrsbia ; tail about two-thirds the length of wing, and forked for one-fourth its own length, the rectrices obtusely and rather abruptly pointed, about 7 mm. in width, very gradually becom ing slightly less than this basal ly ; upper fourth of tarsus feathered, and together with the lower tibia, enveloped in a small tuft of light-colored feathers, reaching on the former about half-way to the toes ; bill not long, but exceeding the head, straight, subcylindrical, moderately slender, slightly dilated laterally near the base, and rather abruptly pointed at the tip, neither maxilla nor mandible with any trace of subterminal serrations; nostrils covered by the frontal feathers which extend out on maxilla for nearly one-third the length of bill measured from the rictus, and consider ably beyond the feathering between the rami of the mandible. Type. Aeronympha prosantis sp. nov. * o-^p, air ; VII/M^IJ, nymph. 27-Puoc. BIOL. Sue. WASH., VOL. XVIII, 1905. (1C1) 162 Oberholscr A New Genus and Species oj Trochilidae. It is rather difficult to say with what genus this new bird shows closest affinity, since if it should prove to be a female it possibly lacks the tail- development of the male. From Cyanoltsbia it differs in much shorter, less deeply forked tail, presence of tibio-tarsal tufts, and rather more narrow, abruptly, less sharply pointed bill. From Vestipedes (=Eriooiemis) it may readily be distinguished by the more narrow tail-feathers, much less con spicuous development of the tibio-tarsal tufts, less extensively feathered tarsus, and the greater extent of the frontal feathering on the base of the maxilla. From Zodalia, which it seems most to resemble, it may be sepa rated by its relatively shorter, less deeply forked tail, with more sharply pointed rectrices, slightly stouter bill, and the presence of well marked tibio-tarsal tufts. Acronym pha prosantis sp. nov. Type. From Colombia [Bogota]. No. 11,852, Field Columbian Museum Adult, sex unknown. Description. Plumage of the upper parts metallic, but not glittering ; pileum and nape deep reddish violet, the feathers of the former with bluish green tips; upper back, scapulars, and sides of neck deep bottle green, merging gradually into the deep reddish violet of lower back, rump, and upper tail-coverts; tail prune purple; wing-quills, greater and primary coverts fuscous, with a prune purple sheen ; median and lesser coverts deep reddish violet, those of the latter lying nearest the bend of the wing with broad bottle green edgings; anteorbital region (hind part of lores) black, the feathers with whitish bases; infraorbital stripe (continuous with lores) anteriorly black, posteriorly dull greenish; a conspicuous spot of creamy white just behind the eye; remainder of postocular region deep reddish violet like the nape ; a rather broad streak of tawny ochraceous from the rictus to opposite the middle of the eye below the infraorbital stripe; rest of cheeks dull metallic parrot green with narrow edgings of tawny; chin reddish violet, the feathers with relatively large metallic grass green sub- terminal crescentic bars, and narrow tawny margins; remainder of lower parts metallic parrot green, the feathers of the medial portions and espe cially of all the lower abdomen edged with tawny; the lower tail-coverts mostly tawny ochraceous with large central spots of green ; a tuft of slate colored white tipped downy feathers on each side of the lower abdomen ; tibio-tarsal tufts cream white; lining of wing deep reddish violet with con siderable metallic green anteriorly. Length of wing, 04 ; lateral tail-feathers, 47 ; central tail-feathers, 33.5 ; exposed culmen, 15.3 ; bill from rictus, 20 ; tarsus, 6.5 ; middle toe, 5; middle claw, 3.5 mm. Unfortunately the only example of this hummingbird is without indica tion of sex, date, or further locality than " Colombia." It is, however, of the well-known Bogota make, and came probably from that vicinity. It has the appearance of being a female, but an adult. VOL. XVIII, PP. 163-166 JUNE 29, 1905 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON TWO NEW CHIPMUNKS FROM COLORADO AND ARIZONA. BY C. HART MERRIAM. Both of the chipmunks here described are of unusual interest. One inhabits the pinyon and juniper belt in the desert region of northeastern Arizona and southeastern Utah, and is one of the handsomest members of the genus ; the other is the common small chipmunk of the high mountains of Colorado ; it has been previously confused with quadrivittatus of Say, which proves to be a much larger species. The specimen on which Say's species was based was collected by Long's Expedition to the Rocky Mountains on July 17 or \8, 1830, on the Arkansas River. The party, which included the naturalist Thomas Say, was encamped from the evening of July 16 to the morning of July 19, at a locality described as about thirty miles below " the place where the river leaves the mountains," which would be about 26 miles below the present Canyon City. Referring to this camp, Say states, "Among the animals taken here, was the four-lined squirrel ($. ^-vittatus} a very small and handsome species." This fixes the type locality with a definiteness not open to question . Recent field work in eastern Colorado shows that two species of chipmunk occur in the region, one inhabiting the Boreal zone in the high mountains, the other the Transition and Upper Sonoran foot hills, extending out toward the plain as far as the land is covered with a scattered growth of junipers. The 28-PROC. BIOL. Soc. WASH., VOL. XVIII, 1906. (163) 1()4 Mcrr'mni New Chipmunks from Colorado nml Arizona. mountain species is slightly smaller than the foot-hills form, but the name qwidrivittotiui ' J has heen commonly applied to both. Say's original description is equally applicable to both, except for the measurements, which were given as follows : " Length from the nose to the base of the tail, 1] inches, of the tail, :> of the hair at tip of the tail, 1 nearly." As we measure mammals nowadays, Say's measurements of body and tail are too small for even the smaller of the two species, but it must be remembered that at the time Say wrote, and for half a century afterwards, no rules for the measurement of mammals had been formulated, and that by the 1 old method the -dimensions recorded were 1 considerably less than by present methods. Furthermore, the difference in size of the two species is so slight that the fact that there are two species in the region appears to have thus far escaped the attention of naturalists. The third measurement given by Say, that *jf the length of hair at tip of tail, agrees best with the larger species the tail hairs of the smaller one, particularly in worn summer pelage, falling considerably short of an inch. Field work conducted in Colorado by several field naturalists of the Biological Survey (E. A. Preble, J. Alden Luring, and Vernon Bailey) has demonstrated the fact that the larger of the two chipmunks is common throughout the Arkansas Valley in the region at which the type specimen was obtained, and that the small mountain species does not occur in the 1 region at all and can not be found until the mountains are penetrated far enough to reach the Boreal /one. This shows beyond question that Say's quadrivittatm is the foot-hill chipmunk of eastern Colorado, and that the mountain species, which has commonly been included under this name, requires a new name. Comparison of the Colorado mountain chipmunk with the other small chipmunks of the West shows that its nearest rel ative is E. - toides Rob., but will be easily known from that by the color of the hair on hind tarsi, and other characters. Male. Length about 1 1 mm.; clypeus lemon yellow with a black spot on each side ; mandibles with a large yellow basal spot; antennae long, third joint a little longer than second, flagellum bright ferruginous beneath ; hair of cheeks white, of face rather dull white, of occiput very long and yellowish, of vertex without black ; hair of thorax above fulvous, of pleura dull yellowish white; tegulae red, dark basally ; second abdominal seg ment with a narrow median entire white band ; third and fourth segments with extremely broad basal bands of white tomentum, from which spring scattered black bristles ; hair of fifth and following segments entirely black ; legs with fulvous hair, the short hair on inner side of hind tibiae fuscous ; abdomen broader than in M. tepaneca or M. kallstroemife. Easily known from tepaneca by the white (not yellowish-stained) bands of third and fourth abdominal segments, the absence of long white hairs at sides of fifth, the dark hair on inner side of hind tibiae, and the dark apices of wings. By the color of the abdominal bands it resembles M. kal/xtroemite var. phenacoidcs, but it is a stouter insect, and the hair of the hind legs is quite differently colored. Habitat. Galveston, Texas. May. F. H. Snow 2077 and 2080. Etnphoropsis rugosissima sp. nov. Female. Like E.floridana (Smith), but a little larger and more robust ; wings less darkened, and the second submarginal cell more narrowed above; hair of occiput yellowish- white (black in floridana}, a tuft of pale hair also on each side of antennae; clypeus coarsely rugose ; extreme sides of fifth abdominal segment with some long glittering white hairs ; scopa of hind tarsi shorter and denser, brown-black or very dark purplish-fuscous. The hair of the cheeks and the pleura (except the extreme upper part) is black ; that of the thorax above is pale ochraceous, not at all mixed with black. Habitat. Nevada (no other particulars known) ; in coll. Amer. Ent. So ciety; loaned through Mr. Viereck. The E.floridana used for comparison is from Georgia (Cresson collection). Xenoglossa utahensis sp. nov. Female. About 14 mm. long, broad ; head, thorax and abdomen en tirely rather dark reddish-brown or ferruginous ; legs bright ferruginous; pubescence very pale ochraceous, becoming dull white on labrum, cheeks, Cockerell New American Bees. 183 lower part of pleura, extreme base of abdomen, etc.; abdomen finely punc tured, delicately pruinose, tomentose at extreme lateral base of second seg ment ; the tomentum forming a band across third segment, and covering the following ones, quite ochraceous on the last two ; scape clear red (rest of antennae absent in type) ; clypeus convex, as closely punctured as pos sible; ocelli large ; mandibles bidentate at apex, and with the apical half outside mainly shining orange; maxillary palpi 6-jointed, the second and third very long, the last three small, the last two very minute ; tegulse light ferruginous; wings rather yellowish, nervures ferruginous. The hind tibia and tarsi, with the black dots, the scopa, etc., are exactly as in X. pruiiiosa, but the hind spur is somewhat longer; the inner tooth of the claws is considerably shorter than in pruinosa. The apical plate is broad. Manifestly a Xejinylomut, notwithstanding the palpi. It is smaller and much duller colored than X. jtatrlcia. Habitat. Vtah (no other particulars known) ; in the Cresson collection. Loaned through Mr. Viereck. Anthophora porterae semiflava var. nov. Male. Light hair of thorax above, first abdominal segment and occi put yellowish ; a long light fulvous tuft behind anterior ocellus. A color variety only, but quite a striking one. Habitat. Fort Collins, Colorado. May 28, 1904. S. A. Johnson. Diandrena nothocalaidis sp. nov. Male. Length, 8 mm.; head, thorax and abdomen olive-green; legs, antennae and mandibles black ; pubescence long and erect, pale ochraceous dorsally, white on pleura, cheeks and face except at sides, where it is black ; a little tuft of black hair above the top of each eye; head large, facial quadrangle much broader than long; cheeks broad; tegulse shining black ; stigma and nervures dull ferruginous, the latter quite light; base of metathorax slightly longitudinally wrinkled. In all respects very close to D. chalybsea (Cress.), from the Pacific coast region, and Mr. Viereck sug gests that it may be a race of that insect. As the locality is so far from that of chalybsen, and my quite considerable series is constant, I treat it as a distinct species. On May 17 my wife took two females, one at flowers of Nothocalais, the other at Antennaria. The former is dark bluish-green (the abdomen bluer than the thorax), the latter dark olive-green ; but they are manifestly conspecific. Length, just over 9 mm., differing from D. chalybxa by having the hair of the head all black, except that on the occiput, which is partly pale, with a reddish tint; flagellum entirely black; hair of legs black or sooty; fourth abdominal segment with a rather distinct pale and slightly reddish hair-band; apical fimbria dilute black. The process of labrum is emarginate, and the black facial fovese extend downwards only to the level of the antennae, or an almost imperceptible distance beyond. Habitat. Boulder, Colorado, numerous at flowers of Nothocalais, May 3 and some days after. T. D. A. and W. P. Cockered. 184 Cocker ell New American Bees. Triepeolus hopkinsi sp. nov. Male. Length, about 8.5 mm.; black with pale grayish-creamy markings, hair efface white; eyes light greenish-yellow ; mandibles reddish in mid dle ; labrum dark reddish ; antenna^ black, only the third joint red beneath ; stripes on anterior part of mesothorax not joined by pubescence ; tegnlae deep coppery-red ; scutellum strongly bilobed; lateral teeth black, sharp and rather large; wings a little dusky, nervures piceous ; legs (except coxae) entirely red, spurs red; hair on inner side of basal joint of hind tarsi light orange; abdomen obconical not at all globose, with six uniform entire bands of tomentum ; black area on first segment a transverse band, on second pointed laterally; both the elevated ventral fringes entirely cream y-white. Close to T. occidentalis Cr., but distinguished by its smaller size, the color of the spurs, the narrow apical plate of the abdomen, and the anterior process of pubescence on sides of second abdominal segment large and directed antero-mesad, in the manner of T. callopus, only it is broader than in that insect. The lower part of the pleura, as in occidentalis, is extremely densely punctured, but it is only partly bare of pubescence. In many respects it resembles T. Isocomv Ckll., but it is easily distinguished by the color of the pubescence of the hind tarsi, the seminude lower part of pleura, etc. It also much resembles T. callopus Ckll., and I should think it might be the undescribed male of that insect, were it not for the different color of the spurs, and the much more developed lateral teeth of the scutellum. Habitat. Grand Canyon of the Colorado, Arizona, August 3, 1904. (Webb). Received from Mr. Viereck, to whom it has been returned. It is named after Professor Hopkins, who sent it to Mr. Yiereck, and who has done good work in the region of the Grand Canyon. VOL. XVIII, PP. 185-188 JUNE 29, 1905 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON GENERAL NOTES. TWO SPECIMENS OF CHJZTURA CELEBENSIS (SCLATER). The United States National Museum has recently received the fifth and sixth known specimens of the great Celebesian swift from Dr. Daniel G. Beebe, a member of the Philippine Scientific Association, who, for some time past, has been engaged in the lumbering business, at Isabella, on the island of Basilan, P. I. This, one of the largest and handsomest, as well as almost the rarest known of the swifts, was described by Sclater (P. Z. S., p. 608, 1865) from two specimens from Manado, N. Celebes; after thirty years it was recorded from the Philippine island of Negros by Mr. W. Eagle Clarke; and, in March, 1895, a third Celebesian specimen was obtained by Messrs. P. and F. Sarasin from Tomohon. The two skins sent by Dr. Beebe had been well prepared by Senor Ramon de Larracochea, of Isabella, Basilan, and reached the Museum in excellent condition. They are doubtless adult males, as they exceed in size the measurements of the three Celebes specimens ; and both have two white spots on the sides of the forehead. The female figured in Meyer and Wiglesworth (Birds of the Celebes, pi. xn) has these spots reddish brown This species has the upper tail-coverts greatly enlarged and with thickened shafts. The spiny shafts of the rectrices do not extend so far beyond the webs as in Chtelura gigutttca (Temminck). From the skins (Nos. 192,474-5, U. S. National Museum) I have taken the following measurements: Length, 240, 255 ; wing, 215, 215 ; tail, 75,75; bill from frontal feathers (chord), 8.5,9.6; bill from anterior margin of nostril, 6.1, 7.1 ; tarsus, 19, 20; middle toe with claw, 22.5, 22.5 mm. The measurements of Celebesian adults is given as follows : "total length nearly 229 mm., wing 203, tail 71, tarsus 16.5." "A specimen in the Sarasin Collec tion marked ' $ juv.' (but we cannot see any signs of immaturity)/' meas ures : " wing 208 mm., tail 63, tarsus 16, nostril c. 6." (Meyer and Wigles worth.) Two American swifts Hemiprocne zonaris (Shaw) and H. semicollaris (Saussure) slightly exceed the dimensions of these Basilan specimens. "Dagit dagit" the name given to this species by the Basilan Moro natives, signifies swiftness. Edgar A. Mearns. 32 PROC. BIOL. Soc. WASH., VOL. XVIII, 1905. (185) 180 General Notes. THE NAME OF THE PANAMA GREEN HONEY CREEPER. In Birds of North and Middle America, Part II, Ridgway in treating of the genus Chloroplianes allowed but one form, C. spiza guatemalentiB (Scl.-), to the region extending from Panama north ward, and placed C. spiza exsul Berlepsch questionably in synonomy, saying he had seen no specimens. Examples of this species, however, from Panama and Chiriqui are much smaller, with much shorter bills, than those from Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, etc., though they do not differ materially in color, and the Panama bird is strictly referable to C. spiza exsul. An adult male of this subspecies in my collection from Paramba, northern Ecuador, agrees ex actly with birds from Panama and Chiriqui. It seems, therefore, neces sary to recognize two forms instead of one for Central America, which with their ranges would be as follows : Chlorophanes spiza exsul Berl., northern and western Ecuador, north through Panama to Chiriqui. CIUoropJian.es spiza gualemalensls (Scl.) Central America from Guatemala south probably to Costa Rica. Hartert (Novitates Zoologies, 5, 1898, p. 481), has already pointed out the characters that distinguish the four geographical races of Chlorophanes spiza, and the purpose of the present note is merely to call attention to the fact that the su ^species of the Panama region is exsul and not guatcmaleruM. The differences in size and length of bill in the four recognized races are as follows: C. spizn spiza, Aripo, Trinidad, No. 15,233, cT adult : Wing, 70; tail, 48 ; tar sus, 18; exposed culmen, 15.5. C. s. ccertdescens, Rio Lima, Colombia, No. 3898, c? adult : Wing, 71 ; tail, 47; tarsus, 17; exposed culmen, 13. C.s. guatemalensis, Ceiba, Honduras, No. 10,167, <3* adult: Wing, 74.5; tail, 50.5; tarsus, 19; exposed culmen, 18.5. C. s. exsul, Paramba, northern Ecuador, No. 15,210, PROC. BIOL. Soc. WASH., VOL. XVIII, 1905. (201) 202 Doll A New Proserpinoid Land Shell from Brazil. full diagnosis of Cyane, that the chief character upon which Adams based his genus may have been of a like nature, in which case it could hardly be accounted of generic value. From Cyane, however, the present species differs in preserv ing a parietal lamella; and, as Bland, Pfeiffer and others have considered differences of the arrangement and number of the lamella? of the aperture as sufficient characters for subdivisions of the genus, the Brazilian shell might be regarded as constitut ing the type of a section or subdivision with those characters, which might be called Staff ola. Proserpina (Staff ola) derby i sp. nov. Shell small, depressed, pale yellowish, when fresh probably polished, with an axial sculpture of fine, non-punctate, sharply incised striae nearly parallel to the incremental lines, but visible only under considerable mag nification; spire depressed, domelike, the sutures obscure, the protoconch large, followed by five whorls; base flattish, imperforate, not excavated in the center; aperture semilunar, outer lip thin, sharp, advancing slightly from the suture and slightly excavated just before it joins the pillar ; parietal wall with a single lamella about one-third of the way from the pillar to the suture; periphery of the shell inflatedly rounded ; the armature of the pillar has been already described ; height of shell, 2.5 ; max. diam., 5.0 ; min. diam., 4.0 mm. The shell is in such a condition that it might be either a Pleistocene fos sil or a " dead " shell washed from a higher level and stranded by falling water in the creek. The Proserpinidre have hitherto been known only from the Antilles, Mexico, middle America and the shores adjacent to the Caribbean, except in the case of Cyane blandiana Adams, which was described from Eastern Peru. The presence of a species in the State of Bahia is therefore a very interesting addition to the knowledge of the geographical distribution of members of this group. Even if fossil, it carries the range 1,000 miles to the south and east, and adds weight to the connection which has been already insisted on between the Antillean fauna and that of the Eastern portion of South America south of the Amazonas. VOL. XVIII, PP. 203-204 SEPTEMBER 2, 1905 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON A NEW CHITON FROM THE NEW ENGLAND COAST. BY WILLIAM HEALEY DALL. Mr. Dwigbt Blaney of Boston, summering at Bar Harbor, Maine, has interested himself in the marine invertebrates and engaged energetically in dredging. Among some mollusks sent to the writer for examination was a handsome chiton which, after careful study and comparison with American and North European species, appears to be undescribed. The number of species of chiton on the New England coast is very small and, with the exception of one deep-sea species, none has been described during the last quarter century. It is therefore exceptionally interesting to know of the presence of a new species in this district. The species is somewhat interme diate in its characters between Tonicella and Trachydermon, with a leaning toward the former, and seems most nearly related to T. marmorea Fabricius, from which, however, it is abundantly distinct. Tonicella bfaneyi sp. nov. Shell of a deep rose-color, with fine white lineations and reticular mark ings ; girdle brow r n, apparently naked, but exhibiting under high magnifi cation a microscopic granulation with a row of small spinules at the extreme edge, as in T. marmorea ; the coloration of the valves outside, in the type specimen is fairly uniform but probably more or less variable among indi viduals ; the valves inside are of a deep rose-pink, paler toward the edges ; surface minutely more or less quincuncially punctate, but this is visible only when magnified ; the sculpture consists of (on the mid valves usually 37 PROC. BIOL. Soc. WASH., VOL. XVIII, 1905. (203) 204 Dall A New Chiton from the New England Coast. three) radial riblets with a tendency to bifurcate or break up into segments distally ; there are no distinctly marked areas on the midvalves, but the part of the valves which bears what in many chitons are called the lateral areas, in this species carries two or three, sometimes bifurcate, thread-like ribs which are flattened above and rarely reach the mucro of the valve, being usually evanescent dorsally ; there are also more or less deeply im- presse'd lines of growth ; the median part of the valves is nearly smooth except for the microscopic punctation ; anterior valve semicircular, with numerous, more or less irregular, radial riblets that resemble those on the midvalves ; the eaves are conspicuously spongy ; the insertion plates are blunt, crenulate at the edge, but not radially striate ; the anterior valve in the type has 10, but would seem normally to have either 9 or 11 slits, as one seems missing or in excess, on one side; the midvalves have one slit on each side, their anterior lamellae are nearly continuous across the dorsal sinus; the posterior valve is small without a mucro, the incremental lines strong, the ribbing obsolete or nearly so ; in the type, while there is not a posterior sinus like that of Chsetopleura , there is a certain flattening and the insertion plates bordering this part of the valve are poorly developed ; there are 7-9 slits between which the distal edges of the plates are more or less irregularly crenate; in the dried specimen the muzzle has a promi nent " veil " or tegumentary margin ; the ctenidia number about 15 on each side and extend forward on each side of the foot to the fourth valve ; length over all (dry), 13 mm.; width, 8 mm.; dorsal angle, 120. Dredged in 20 fathoms off Ironbound Island, Frenchman's Bay, nearMt. Desert Island, Maine. From Trachydermon ruber, Tonicella marmorea and similar species, this form can be at once distinguished by the ribbing. If the type specimen be characteristic in its color, the pattern and hue would be equally dis tinctive. In T. ruber the girdle is pubescent and particolored, in T. mar morea and the present species it is of a uniform brown. The type specimen has been generously donated to the U. S. National Museum. VOL. XVIII, PP. 205-206 SEPTEMBER 2, 1905 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON A NEW CLOAK-FERN FROM MEXICO. BY WILLIAM R. MAXON. By permission of the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution. Among the plants collected in Mexico by Mr. C. G. Pringle in 1904 is the following undescribed fern which we regard as one of the most clearly marked species discbvered in recent years: Notholaena bryopoda sp. nov. A plant of medium size, the rigid fronds 8 to 20 cm. long, borne rather closely from a fasciculate bulbiform rhizome thickly covered by bristly ferruginous chaff with entire margins and with a darker median line : stipe 3 to 8 cm. long, seal brown, sinuose, slightly furrowed above, scantily clothed with deciduous narrow attenuate chaff somewhat darker than that of the rhizome : lamina 5 to 12 cm. long, lanceolate, coriaceous, for the most part only bipinnate, both primary and secondary rachises channelled upon the upper surface; pinnae lanceolate, exactly alternate throughout, dull greenish and devoid of glandular or ceraceous covering upon the upper surface, the larger ones about 2.5 cm. long with seven or eight pairs of mainly simple narrowly oblong sessile pinnulae, only the two or three lowermost pinnulae being pinnate with one or two pairs of small narrow sessile segments; margins strongly revolute, partially concealing the black ish sporangia at maturity by a dense coating of pale yellowish ceraceous powder, subsequently somewhat reflexed. Type in the U. S. National Herbarium, sheet No. 461,305 ; collected from " chalky banks at base of Sierra de San Lazaro, altitude 7,500 ft., State of Nuevo Leon, Mexico ; November 7, 1904 ; C. G. Pringle, No. 8802." Known only from the type collection. 38 PKOC. BIOL. Soc. WASH., VOL. XVIII, 1905. (20H) 206 Maxon A New Cloak-Fern from Mexico. Nolholaena bryopoda is without any near Mexican allies. From N. Pringlei Davenp.,* the only species with which it might be confused, it differs in nearly every essential feature; especially in the peculiar character and vestiture of the rhizome, in the entire absence of any ceraceous cover ing upon the upper surface, and in the larger and elongate segments. Its most distinctive characters lie in the greatly enlarged and clustered root- stocks, which with their thick tufts of ferruginous chaff closely simulate those of N. sinuata (Sw.) Kaulf. The likeness of these to certain tufted dicranoid mosses has suggested the specific name here employed. * Bull. Torrey Club 13 : 132. pi. 58. 18SG. VOL. XVIII, PP. 207-210 SEPTEMBER 2, 1905 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON DESCRIPTIONS OF SOME NEW GENERA OF TYRANNI- , PIPRID.E, AND COTINGID^E. BY ROBERT RIDGWAY. By permission of the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution. Aphanotriccus gen. nov. (Tryannidte.) Similar to Myiobius Gray but outermost primaries longer (the tenth equal to first instead of much shorter than secondaries, the ninth not shorter than fifth), rictal bristles weaker (not reaching to tip of bill), tail much longer than distance from bend of wing to end of distal secondaries, and without yellow on crown nor rump. Type, Myiobius capitalis Salvin = Aphanotriccus capilalis. ('A^a^s, unseen, obscure; rptKKos, a small bird.) Terenotriccus gen. nov. (Tyrannidx.) In form somewhat like Myiobius Gray, but second phalanx of middle toe partly adherent to outer toe, lateral toes relatively much shorter, tail shorter than distance from bend of wing to end of distal secondaries, and style of coloration very different (under parts uniform cinnamon-buff, tail rufous-buff, and no yellow on rump nor crown.) Type, Myiobius fulvigularis Salvin and Godman. (ffpevos, soft, delicate ; T/H'/CKOS, a small bird.) Species: Terenotriccus fulvigularis (Salvin and Godman), Terenotriccus erythrurus (Cabanis). Myiotriccus gen. nov. (Tryannidte.) Similar to Aphanolriccus in those structural characters which separate the latter from Myiobius, but outermost primaries longer (tenth equal to second or third, ninth longer than fifth or sixth), tail much shorter than wing to end of distal secondaries, a yellow spot on crown and rump (as in Myiobius}, and tail at least partly rufous. Type, Tyrannula phcenicura Sclater. (Mvta, a fly ; rplicKos, a small bird.) Species: Myiotriccus ornatus (Lafresnaye), Myiotriccus stellatus (Cabanis), Myiotriccus phcenicurus (Sclater), Myiotriccus aureiventris (Sclater). 39-PROC. BIOL. Soc. WASH., VOL. XVIII, 1905. (207) 208 Ridgway New Genera ofTyrannidas, Pipridas, Cotingidse. Atalotriccus gen. nov. (Tyrcmnidse.) Similar to Colopteryx Ridgway (ex Colopterus Cabanis, preoccupied), but head without crest, four, instead of three, outer primaries greatly reduced in size (the reduction excessive and the feathers very narrow and acumi nate instead of normal in form), and bill much narrower. Type, Colopterus pilaris Cabanis = Atalolriccm pilaris. ('AraX6s, tender, delicate; TPIKKOS, a small bird.) Placostomus gen. nov. ( Tyrannidse. } Similar to Platyrinchus Desmarest, but latero-frontal feathers and feathers of chin with conspicuous bristly tips ; tarsi and toes much more slender, the basal phalanx of middle toe wholly united to inner toe , outermost (tenth) primary relatively much longer (longer than fifth instead of not longer than second) ; tail much smaller ( only about one-fourth, instead of nearly one-half, as long as wing). Type, Platyrhynchus superciliaris Lawrence. (nxd, a broad surface ; frontal feathers well devel oped, arched ; bill relatively much smaller, the exposed culmen not longer than outer toe, without claw ; rump rufous but no rufous on remiges. Type, Tsenioptera erythropygia Sclater = Cnemarchus erythropygius. s, slope of a mountain ; Apx^, ruler, chief.) Orodynastes gen. nov. (Tyrannidse.) Agreeing with Cnemarchus in all the characters which separate the latter from Myiotheretes (except presence of rufous rump and absence of rufous on remiges), but differing as follows : Bill large and strong, the exposed cul men nearly as long as middle toe, with claw ; nostril midway between culmen and commissure (instead of nearer to latter), broadly oval or roundish (instead of wedge-shaped) ; tarsus much less than one and a half times as long as middle toe, without claw ; rump not rufous, but remiges extensively of that color. Type, Tsenioptera striaticollis Sclater = Orodynastes striaticollis. (*0pos, mountain ; SVMKTT^S, a sovereign or ruler.) Ridgway New Genera of Tyrannidss, Pipridae, Cotingidse.. 209 Tyrannopsis gen. nov. (Tyrannidse} Similar to Tyrannus Cuvier, but tip of outermost primaries not attenuate tail relatively shorter (shorter than distance from bend of wing to end of secondaries), and nostril much nearer to commissure than to culmen, over hung by a very broad membrane. Differing from Myiozeta Bonaparte (to which commonly referred) in relatively much larger and stouter bill, shorter and more rounded wing, shorter tail, and shorter tarsus (the latter shorter than middle toe, with claw). Type, Muscicapa sulphured Spix = Tyrannopsis sulphureus. (Tyrannus -f ft/as, appearance.) Tolmarchus gen. nov. (Tyrannidse.} Similar in general structure to Pilangus Swairison, but bill broader and more depressed (its width at posterior end of nostril equal to more than half the distance from nostril to tip of maxilla and one and a half times its depth at same point), longer gonys (very nearly to more than twice as long as mandibular rami), longer tail (much more than four-fifths as long as wing), much longer tenth (outermost) primary (longer than fourth in stead of equal to or shorter than first), more exposed nostrils, more scant and conspicuously bristly latero-frontal feathers, longer rictal bristles, and very different style of coloration (under parts grayish white, instead of bright yellow, no white superciliary stripe, etc.). Type, Pitangus toylori Sclater. (T6X/xa, bold, daring ; apx^, & ruler, a chief, or leader.) Species: Tolmarchus bahamensis (Bryant), Tolmarchus caudifasciatus (D'Orbigny), Tolmarchus jamaicensis (Chapman), Tolmarchus caymanensis (Nicoll), Tolmarchus gabbi (Lawrence), Tolmarchus taylori (Sclater). Phaeotriccus gen. nov. ( Tyrannidse.} Apparently nearest to Knipolegus Boie, but differing conspicuously (from all other genera of Tyrannidse also) in the form of the wing, which has the primaries and distal secondaries much abbreviated, the former all very narrow, the five outermost bent or subfalcate; seventh primary longest, the tenth (outermost) shorter than first. Type, Cnipolegus hudsoni Sclater = Phseotriccus hudsoni. ($cu6s, dusky ; -rpiKKos, a small bird.) Allocotopterus gen. nov. (Pipridse.) ' Most like Machssropterus Bonaparte, but shafts of secondaries excessively thickened, twisted, and expanded terminally into club-shaped or claw-like form ; outermost primaries normally broad throughout; tail less than one- third as long as wing, emarginate; nostril small, very broadly operculate, the membrane occupying much the greater part of nasal fossae ; under parts not striped. Type, Pipra deliciosa Sclater = Allocotopterus deliciosus. ('AXX6KOTOS, unusual ; irrepbv, wing.) Stictornis gen. nov. ( Cotingidx.} Most like Euchlornis DeFilippi (= Pipreolo Sclater, nee Swainson?), but bill much larger, stronger, and deeper, with culmen more strongly arched 210 Ridgtoay New Genera of Tyr annuls?,, Pipridae, Cotingidse. and longer than lateral toes (without claws) ; tail relatively shorter (decid edly shorter than length of wing from bend to end of secondaries), and outermost (tenth) primary longer than fifth. Type, Ampelis cinctus Tschudi = Stictornis cinctus. (Sri/cr6s, marked, spotted; 6pvis, bird.) The species designated as the type of this new genus I remove from Ampelion Cabanis, which according to my views contains only two of the species there placed in Vol. XIV of the "Catalogue of Birds in the British Museum" (pp. 373-376), the remaining one (Ampelis arcuata Lafresnaye) belonging to the genus Euchlornis DeFilippi. Idiotriccus gen. nov. (Cotingidx.} Superficially resembling the Tyrannine genus Pogonotriccus Cabanis and Heine, but tarsal envelope pycnaspidean, with the scutella on lower por tion of both acrotarsium and planta tarsi roughened, subtuberculate ; bill broader basally and more depressed ; nostrils surrounded by membrane ; bristles of frontal antise, rictus, and chin less developed. Type, Pogonotriccus zefedoni Lawrence = Idiotriccus zeledonL ("IStos, distinct; rplKicos, a small bird.) Elainopsis gen. nov. (Cotingidx.} Superficially resembling the Tyrannine genus Elainea Sundevall, but tarsal envelope pycnaspidean and basal phalanx of middle toe wholly united to outer toe. Type, Elainea elegans Pelzeln (= Muscicapa gaimardi D'Orbigny?). (Elainea, a genus of Tyrannidse ; -\- tf^is, aspect.) Species: Elainopsis elegans (Pelzeln). Microtriccus gen. nov. (Cotingidx.} Similar to Tyrannulus Vieillot, but bill relatively stouter, with culmen much more decidedly curved, tarsus relatively shorter, tail relatively much shorter (much less than two-thirds as long as wing), pileum not crested and without yellow, and wings without whitish bands. Type, Tyrannulus semiflavus Sclater and Salvin. ( M t/c/>6s, small ; TP/KKOS, a small bird.) Species: Microtriccus semiflavus (Sclater and Salvin), Microtriccus semi flavus brunneicapillus (Lawrence). Hylonax gen. nov. (Cotingidx.} Superficially resembling the more stoutly built species of the Tyrannine genus Myiarchus Cabanis, but tarsal envelope non-exaspidean (the planta tarsi consisting of a single continuous row of rather large, quadrate scutella, separated from the inner edge of the acrotarsiurn by a narrow nonscutellate space), bill longer (as long as head), narrower, with straighter culmen and tip of maxilla more abruptly decurved and more strongly uncinate, and with gonys more convex, more ascending terminally, more prominent basally. Type, Myiarchus validus Cabanis = Hylonax validus. ("TX?;, forest ; &va, king.) VOL. XVIII, PP. 211-214 OCTOBER 17, 1905 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON NEW GENERA OF TYEANNIDJ5 AND TURDID.E, AND NEW FORMS OF TANAGRIDJS AND TURDID.E. BY EGBERT RIDGWAY. By permission of the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution. Platytriccus gen. nov. (Tyrannidae.) Similar to Platyrinchus Desmarest * but tail relatively much shorter (but little more than half as long as wing), wing relatively shorter and much more rounded, the longest primaries exceeding distal secondaries by not more (usually much less) than half the length of tarsus, and by less than one-third the length of tail, the tenth (outermost) primary not longer than third (usually shorter than first) ; tarsus nearly to quite one-third as long as wing, much longer than middle toe with claw, nearly to quite twice as long as exposed culmen ; feathers of chin without bristly points. Type , Platyrhynchus cancroma Sclater. (irXarfa, flat, wide, broad, and rpticKos, a small bird.) Species: Platytriccus cancroma (Sclater) ; Platytriccus albogularis (Sclater); Platytriccus mystaceus (Vieillot) ; Platytriccus insularis (Allen) ; Platytriccus bifasciatus (Allen). Probably also the following, which, however, I have not seen : Platyrhynchus senex Sclater and Salvin ; Platyrhynchus griseiceps Sal vin; Platyrhynchus flavigularis Sclater, and Platyrhynchus saturatus Salvin and Godman. *Platyrinchus Desmarest, Hist. Nat. Tangaras, Manakins, et Todiers, 1805, livr. 4, text to pi. 72. (Type Todus platyrhynchos Gmelin). Platyrhynchos (emendation) Vieillot, Analyse, 1816, 39. Platyrhynchus (emendation) Swaiiison, Zool. Illustr., ser. 4, i, 1820. pi. VZ.Platy- rhyncus Descourtilz, Orn. Brs., 1856. Monotypic, the only known species being Platyrinchus platyrhynchos (Gmelin). 40 PROC. BIOL. Soc. WASH., VOL. XVIII, 1905. (211) 212 Ridgway New Genera of Tyrannidfe and Turd MM, etc. Haplocichla* gen. nov. Nearest Mimocichla Sclater but tail relatively shorter (not longer than distance from bend of wing to end of secondaries) and less strongly rounded (nearly even), eyelids normally feathered, and with no white on rectrices, but wing with an elongated white patch involving outer web of two inner most greater coverts. Type. Turdus aurantius Gmelin = Haplocichla auranfnt. Chlorospingus zeledoni sp. nov. Type from Volcan de Irazii, Costa Rica, 10,500 ft. alt. No. 199,498, U. S. National Museum, c? ad. May 20, 1905 ; R. Ridgway. Similar in pattern of coloration to Chlorospingus pileatMs Salvin, but color of chest, sides, and flanks pale yellowish olive, not distinctly contrasted with the pale gray of throat and abdomen (instead of bright olive-yellow, strongly and abruptly contrasted with gray of abdomen, etc.), olive of back, etc., rather duller, and black of head less intense (slightly more slaty). Young very different in color from that of C. pilcatiis, the back, etc., grayish olive (instead of olive-green), the ground color of underparts pale brownish gray instead of olive-yellow. Higher parts of volcanos of Irazu and Turrialba, Costa Rica, at upper limit of forest and lower portion of ash-cones (altitude about 9,000-10,500 feet. This species is found in the same localities with C. pileatus, both on Irazii and Turrialba ; consequently, there being no question as to its being different it must, notwithstanding the character of the differences, be given specific rank. There is a considerable series of this form in the Costa Rican National Museum, that in the collection of the U. S. National Museum con sisting of eleven adults and one young bird in first plumage. I refer to this form with much doubt a single specimen (an adult male) obtained by me on the Volcano of Turrialba May 2, 1905. This differs from all others in greater length of the tail (which measures 67.5 mm., the maximum of four males of true C. zeledoni being 65, the minimum 61 mm. and of six females 64 and 55 respectively), and in the almost total absence of any olive tinge on the underparts, which are of a nearly uniform pale gray, only the sides and flanks being distinctly tinged with pale olive-green. The back, etc., are also very much duller and grayer olive-green. Named for Don Jose C. Zeledon, of San Jose, Costa Rica, my companion during many pleasant and successful collecting trips in Costa Rica. Phcenicothraupis alfaroana sp. nov. Type from Miravalles, Guanacaste, Costa Rica. No. 199,961, U. S. National Museum, c? ad. August 23, 1895 ; C. F. Underwood. Most like Phcenicothraupis rubra (Vieillot), of Venezuela and Trinidad, but duller in color, the adult male with rump, upper tail-coverts, and wings much less reddish (browner), and red of underparts paler and passing into reddish gray posteriorly, the adult female with upperparts much grayer * 'A7r\6vs, simple, plain ; idx^, thrush-like bird. Rid-gway New Genera of Tyrannidas and Turdidse, etc. 113 (light olive), and underparts much less fulvous (pale grayish buff tinged with grayish olive on chest, sides, flanks and under tail-coverts) ; wing, bill, tarsus, and middle toe longer, tail shorter. Adult male (two specimens). Wing, 92-95 (93.5); tail, 71-75.5 (73.2); exposed culmen, 17.5; tarsus, 23-24.5 (23.7) ; middle toe, 15.5. Adult female (two specimens). Wing, 89-91.5 (90.2) ; tail, 69-72 (70.5) ; exposed culmen, 17.5-19 (18.2); tarsus, 24-25 (24.5); middle toe, 14-14.5 (14.2)* This form is very distinct from any ot^ier of its Central American con geners, and requires comparison only with P. rubra of Venezuela and Trinidad, from which it is easily distinguished by the characters mentioned above. In addition to the specimens in the collection of the U. S. National Museum I have examined ten males and seven females in the collection of the National Museum of Costa Rica. Named for Don Anastasio A 1 faro, Director of the National Museum of Costa Rica, to whom I am indebted for many courtesies during my visit to that country, not the least of which is his genial and helpful companion ship on several collecting trips. Mimocichla rubripes eremita subsp. nov. Type from Swan Island, Caribbean Sea. No. 111,219, U. S. National Museum. cT adult. February 4, 1887; C. H. Townsend. Similar to M. rubripes rubripes but averaging larger, with shorter toes and white of chin and malar region usually more extended. Catharus frantzii omiltemensis subsp. nov. Type, from Omilteme, Guerrero, southwestern Mexico. No. 185,751 , U. S. National Museum, Biological Survey Collection. May 19, 1903; E. W. Nelson and E. A. Goldman. Similar to C. frantzii a It i cola (Salvin and Godman) but underparts de cidedly paler, with whole throat whitish and white of abdomen purer and more extended. * Measurements of a series of Plmmcothraupis rubra are as follows : Adult male (ten specimens). Wing. 88-94.5 (91.5) ; tail, 73-79 (76.6) ; exposed culmen, 15.5-17.5 (16.1) ; tarsus, 22.5-24 (23.2) ; middle toe, 13.5-15 (14). Adult female (two specimens) Wing, 85-88.5 (86.7) ; tail, 71.5-72.5(72) ; exposed culmen, 16-17 (16.5) ; tarsus, 21.5-22.5 (22) ; middle toe, 13-13.5 (13.2). VOL. XVIII, PP. 215-216 OCTOBER 17,1905 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON A NEW FERN FROM PORTO RICO. BY WILLIAM R. MAXOX. By permission of the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution. The name Aspidium Krugii Kuhn is cited by Krug at page 112 of Engler's Botanische Jahrbiicher, volume 24, 1897, under Aspidium rhizophyllum, as having been given to seven numbers of Porto Rican specimens collected by Sintenis and distributed among various herbaria. Apparently Kuhn had thought his plant distinct; and its reference to the well-known Jamaican A. rhizophyllum was probably due to the fact that certain of his unpublished notes and manuscripts, which largely formed the basis of Krug's paper on West Indian ferns, passed through the hands of Dr. Christ, and that the latter's judgment was followed. In naming a collection of Porto Rican ferns not long ago we perceived the Porto Rican plant to be readily distinguishable from its near ally, and we purpose to so regard it. The name Aspidium Krugii having been merely listed can not be regarded as published. Polystichum Krugii sp. nov. Differs from P. rhizophyllum in its thinner texture, manifest venation, very much shorter stipes, longer and narrower fronds, pinnae narrower and less obtuse (the upper ones greatly reduced but mostly distinct), and especially in hav.ing the fructification confined to the greatly elongated (10-12 cm.) linear caudate apex and the first pair or two of minute pinnae. 41-PROC. BIOL. Soc. WASH., VOL. XVIII, 1905. (215) 216 May on A New Fern from Porto Rico. Type in the U. S. National Herbarium, No. 40,035, being No. 2240 of Sintenis' Porto Rican plants; collected at Cayey, October 5, 1885. The type specimen is the only representative in the National Herbarium of the several numbers cited by Krug. Other Porto Rican specimens are : Goll, No. 342, and Heller, Nos. 536 and 6095. A single Cuban plant in the D. C. Eaton herbarium we also refer here. Of the true P. rhizophyllum* we have seen excellent specimens from Jamaica, the type locality ; and the illustration of a Jamaican plant by Hooker and Grevillef is thoroughly characteristic of these. The compar atively short broad tapering apices, as figured, offer a very noticeable dif ference to the uniformly linear long-attenuate extremities of P. Krugii. The Guadeloupe plant cited by Krug (1. c.) under rhizophyllum we have not seen. * Poly stich urn rhizophyllum (Sw.) Presl, Tent. Pterid. 82. 1836.. Polypodium rhizophyllum Sw. Prodr. Veg. Ind. Occ. 132. 1788. Aspidium rhizophyllum Sw. Schrad. Journ. Bot. 18002 : 31. 1801. t Hooker and Greville, Icones Filicum 1 : pi. 59. 1829. VOL. XVIII, PP. 217-218 OCTOBER 17, 1905 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON A NEW OWL FROM COSTA RICA. BY ANASTASIO ALFARO, Director of the Costa Rican National Museum. Cryptoglaux ridgwayi sp. nov. Type from La Candelaria Mountains, near Escasu, Costa Rica. No. 1 49,709, U. S. National Museum. March 29, 1903. Presented by Anastasio Alfaro. Young male. Similar to the corresponding stage of C. acadicus but latero- frontal region and general color of under wing-coverts wood brown instead of white, and without any white on outer surface of wings or on tail, and toes unfeathered (except basal half of the outer). Above plain warm sepia brown, or between sepia and peal brown, inclining on hindneck to Vandyke or mummy brown, the tail darker (between clove brown and seal brown), the remiges grayer brown (between sepia and hair brown), narrowly edged with paler; no trace of white markings on outer surface of wings, except a narrow edging to outermost feather of alula, nor on tail ; but inner webs of innermost secondaries with irregular spots of dull whitish near the margins ; latero-f rental region wood brown ; anterior portion of suborbital region similar but rather paler, deepening on auri cular region into dark brown (rather darker than color of pileum) : bristly feathers of loral region blackish ; throat deep brown, like pileum, with a band of dull buffy whitish immediately below; rest of underparts plain cinnamon-buff or clay color, deeper anteriorly, where passing into russet on sides of breast, decidedly paler on legs and under tail-coverts ; under wing-coverts wood brown, tinged with deeper brown, especially on under primary -coverts ; under surface of remiges plain deep hair brown, the innermost secondaries with irregular dull whitish spots toward edge of inner web ; bill blackish ; toes (except basal half of the outer) naked, light col ored ; claws dark horn color; length (skin), 185 ; wing, 143; tail, 64; culmen (from anterior edge of cere), 13 ; tarsus, 25 ; middle toe, 20. High mountains of Costa Rica (Cerro de la Candelaria, near Escasu). I name this small owl in honor of Professor Robert Ridgway, as a "souvenir" of his recent explorations in Costa Rica. 42 PROC. BIOL. Soc. WASH., VOL. XVIII, 1905. (217) VOL. XVIII, PP. 219-222 OCTOBER 17, 1905 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON DESCRIPTIONS OF THREE NEW BIRDS FROM THE MERIDA REGION OF VENEZUELA. BY J. H. RILEY. By permission of the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution. The U. S. National Museum recently purchased a small col lection of bird skins from the well-known zoological collectors Salomon Briceno Gabaldon e hijos from the Merida region of Venezuela. Coming from a locality from which most of the European museums and collectors have received so much mate rial, principally from the above source and the exertions of A. Goering, it was not to be expected that the collection would contain many novelties. The three following birds appear to be new, however, and are herewith described. Leptasthenura montivagans sp. nov. Type from San Antonio, Venezuela, 3000 meters. No. 190,383, U. S. National Museum, cT adult. July 20, 1903. Specific characters. Similar to Leptasthenura andicola Sclater, but grayer, the back more prominently streaked with white, the shaft streaks on the top of the head lighter, the wings shorter and the tail feathers more pointed. Description. Top of head black with cinnamon shaft streaks ; cervix and interscapular region clove brown with rather broad white shaft streaks ; lower back, rump, and upper tail-coverts broccoli brown with obsolete dusky streaks, these streaks more pronounced and lighter on the rump ; chin and narrow superciliary streak white ; below hair brown with white shaft streaks, these streaks more pronounced on the jugulum and chest, fading and becoming obsolete on the belly ; flanks washed with Isabella 43 PROC. BIOL. Soc. WASH., VOL. XVIII, 1905. (219) 220 Riley Descriptions of Three New Birds from Venezuela. color; under tail-coverts dusky with whitish edgings; wings blackish, the coverts prominently edged with bistre, the inner primaries and secondaries light rufous near the base, the rufous divided by a black line along the shaft in the primaries; the under wing blackish, the inner primaries and secondaries edged with vinaceous-cinnamon ; under wing-coverts vina- ceous-cinnamon, whitish along the bend of the wing; tail blackish, the three outer feathers margined on the outer web with white and rather broadly-tipped diagonally with hair brown with some obscure black mottlings, the two central feathers narrowly margined with hair brown. Bill and feet (in skin) black. AVing, 65.5; tail, 95; culmen, 10.5 ; tarsus, 20 ; middle toe, 12.5 mm. A female collected at the same locality is similar to the male and measures : Wing, 64; tail, 89 ; culmen, 10; tarsus, 19; middle toe, 12.5 mm. Three unsexed specimens of Leptasthenura andicola from Ecuador average : Wing, 68.8 ; tail, 81.3; culmen, 10 ; tarsus, 20.3; middle toe, 13.2 mm. Haplospiza montosa sp. nov. Type from San Antonio, Venezuela, 3,000 meters. No. 190,413, U. S. National Museum, c? ad. August 15, 1903. Specific characters. Similar to Haplospiza nivaria Bangs, but with a longer bill, darker both above and below, and with the feet and tarsi horn color not black. Description. Above blackish slate, darker on the interscapular region and lighter on the rump ; pileum showing indistinct striations ; the forehead and lores washed with pale gray ; below slate color, whitish on the anal region ; under tail-coverts whitish with dark centers ; tail blackish ; wings blackish, all the feathers edged with the color of the back. Bill (in skin) blackish, lighter along the center of lower mandible; tarsi and feet horn color. Wing, 80.5 ; tail, 61 ; culmen, 12 ; tarsus, 23 ; middle toe, 15.5 mm. Female similar above to that of Haplospiza nivaria but much more heavily streaked below with black, the streaks heavier on the chest. Wing, 73.5 ; tail, 55.5 ; culmen, 11 ; tarsus, 21 ; middle toe, 14 mm. Remarks. While the male does not differ greatly from //. nivaria, the female is quite another bird. It is heavily streaked below with broad black streaks and though these are heavier on the chest it is not as lightly streaked on the lower breast and belly as H. nivaria. Besides the type there are two immature males in the plumage of the female, and one adult female, all collected at the same locality and on the same day. Pheucticus uropygialis meridensis subsp. nov. Type from Pedregora, Venezuela, 2,500 meters. No. 190,410, U. S. Na tional Museum, c? ad. April 29, 1903. Subspecific characters. Similar to Pheucticus uropygialis Sclaterand Salvin, but rump more extensively yellow, the interscapular region mottled with yellow, the breast deeper yellow, and the flanks without black spotting. Description. Head, chin, throat, and jugulum black; feathers of the interscapular region gray at the base, then a small white spot followed by a small lemon yellow spot on one or both webs and tipped with black ; Riley Descriptions of Three New Birds from Venezuela. 221 feathers of rump gray at the base, followed by a small white spot, then broadly by lemon yellow, and narrowly tipped with black ; upper tail- coverts black with a lemon yellow or white spot near the tip and gray at the base ; breast, abdomen, and under tail-coverts deep lemon yellow, the feathers gray at the base with a white spot next to the yellow ; tail black, the three outer feathers rather broadly tipped with white, succeeded by a tiny black dot at the tip, the white much reduced on the third feather and not reaching the outer web, the fourth feather with three tiny white dots at the tip; wings black, the lesser coverts deep lemon yellow, the greater coverts with large white spots at the tip forming a conspicuous wing patch, the eight outer primaries white at the base, the white not reaching the outer web on the outermost, forming a wing speculum ; tertials and secondaries with a white spot on the outer web near the tip ; under wing-coverts deep lemon yellow ; thighs black, tipped with lemon yellow; upper mandible (in skin) black, lower bluish slate color; tarsi black. Wing, 104.5 ; tail, 86 ; culmen, 22 ; tarsus, 23.5 ; middle toe, 18 mm. Remarks. Though this form is described from a single specimen the dif ferences, taken in connection with the fact that the Merida region seems to be faunally distinct from the country to the east and west of it, are great enough to warrant its separation as a geographical race at least. VOL. XVIII, pp. 223-226 OCTOBER 17, 1905 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON GENERAL NOTES. NOTE ON THE GENERIC NAMES PTERONOTUS AND DER MONOTUS. In these proceedings* Dr. Theo. Gill has recently asserted that the use of the generic name Pteronotus as applied by Gray in 1838 to a genus of Phyllostomid bats is invalidated by the previous existence of a Pteronotus Rafinesque, proposed in 1815 as a substitute for Pteropus.~\ He therefore replaces the Pteronotus of Gray by the new name Dermonotus. After ex amining Rafinesque's work, I find myself forced to a different conclusion. Rafinesque enumerated fourteen genera of bats : 1, Rhinolophus Cuv.; 2, Phyllostoma Geof; 3, Vampyrum R. do. Geof. sans queue ; 4, Megn derma Geof.; 5, Pteropus Bris. Erxl.; 6, Eidolon R. do. a queue ; 7, Pteronotus, R. do. sp.; 8, Cephalotes Geof.; 9, Tadaris R.; 10, Vespertilio L. Geof.; 11, Nyc- terus Geof.; 12, Noctilio Geof.; 13, Molossus Geof.; 14, Atalapha R. It is evident that he intended Pteronotus not as a substitute for Pteropus, but as the name of a new genus based on certain species of "Eidolon " or Pteropus, the list of abbreviations at the end of the volume (page 216) explaining that " sp. do." means " species of the preceding genus." As no characters are sug gested for this genus, the name Pteronotus of Rafinesque is a nomen nudum without status in nomenclature. Gray was therefore free to apply the term to the Phyllostomid genus ; and the new name Dermonotus is not required. GerritS. Miller, Jr. SYMBOS, A SUBSTITUTE FOR SCAPHOCEROS. Prof. T. I). A. Cockerell, of the University of Colorado, has kindly called my attention to the fact that the generic name, Scaphoceros, which I pro posed recently (Smiths. Misc. Coll., Quart. Issue, XLVIII, pp. 173-158, * Vol. XIV, p. 177, September 25, 1901. f Analyse de la Nature, p. 54. 44-PROC. BIOL. Soc. WASH., VOL. XVIII, 1905. (223) 224 General Notes. July 1, 1905) for an extinct relative of the musk ox is preoccupied by Scnphocera 1884, used by Saalmiiller for a genus of Lepidoptera (Lepid. v. Madagascar, I, p. 181, May, 1884). I therefore propose in its stead Symbos, a name suggested to me by Dr. Theo. Gill. The two species of this genus will therefore stand as Symbos tyrdli and Symbos cavlfrons. Wilfred H. Osgood. A NEW NAME FOR A MIDDLE AMERICAN FERN* In the first fascicle of Christensen's Index Filicum (1905), AcrosticJium lom United States National Museum, cT adult (in alcohol). 1889. Dr. W. L. Abbott. Characters. Like the West African Lavia frons (Geoffrey) but consider ably larger (forearm 60 instead of 56, mandible 17.8 instead of 15.2), and with disproportionately heavier teeth. Color. (Skin of topotype, No. 18,992, not sexed) : Fur everywhere drab- gray (that of belly a little darker than that of back) tipped with ochraceous- buff. On middle of back and neck and on posterior half of belly the ochraceous-buff is so inconspicuous that it scarcely modifies the ground color, but on face, sides of neck, entire chest and throat, and along border of interfemoral membrane it strongly predominates. At shoulder the wood- brown fades to buffy white, forming an inconspicuous light shoulder spot. The type does not appear to differ appreciably in color from the dry specimen, though it has been subject to the action of alcohol for more than fifteen years. Ears, membranes, etc. Probably not different from those of Lavia frons. Dr. F. W. True has already noted the peculiar broadened, serrated form 45 PROC. BIOL. Soc. WASH., Vol.. XVIII, 1905. (227) 228 Miller A Neiv Bat from German East Africa. of the secondary lobe of the tragus in the type specimen as compared with that figured by Dobson and represented by a Sierra Leone specimen in the United States National Museum. In the skin from Taveta this lobe has a form intermediate between the others and closely resembling that of Lavia frons as figured by Geoffrey. The variation is probably individual. Skull and Teeth. As compared with those of an adult male Lavia frons from Sierra Leone (No. 38,196, United States National Museum) the skull and teeth of Lavia rex are readily distinguishable by their uniformly greater size and massiveness. In actual form of either skull or teeth there are no striking differences between the two species ; but the larger animal has the audital bullse relatively larger and the interpterygoid space narrower, while the teeth, particularly the upper canines and upper molars, are very considerably increased in size. Measurements. Type: Head and body, 70 (60);* tibia, 34 (29); foot, 16 (15); forearm 60 (56); thumb 14 (11); second finger, 62 (55); third finger, 110 (105); fourth finger, 78 (72); fifth finger, 83 (75); ear from meatus, 43.6 (40) ; ear from crown, 39 (33) ; width of ear, 28 (26) ; tragus, 29 (25) ; noseleaf, 22 (22); greatest width of noseleaf (flattened), 16 (16). Skull: Greatest length, (23) ; basal length, (18) ; basilar length, (16) ; median palatal length, 6.6 (4.8) ; greatest palatal width including molars, 9.2 (8.2) ; distance between tips of upper canines, 5.4 (4) ; mandible, 17.8 (15.2) ; maxillary toothrow, 9.2 (8.2) ; mandibular toothrow, 11 (9). * Measurements in parentheses are those of an adult male Lavia frons from Sierra Leone (No. Mrll United States National Museum). VOL. XVIII, PP. 229-230 DECEMBER 9, 1905 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON A NEW GENUS OF BATS FROM SUMATRA. BY GERRIT S. MILLER, JR. By permission of the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution. On September 9, 1903, Dr. W. L. Abbott found two small bats roosting in the abandoned nest of a broad bill in heavy forest on the banks of the Kateman River, eastern Sumatra. These specimens represent a new species belonging to a hitherto unknown genus allied to Kerivoula but strikingly distinct. Phoniscus gen. nov. ( Vesperlilionidse). Type. Phoniscus atrox sp. nov. Characters. Like Kerivoula but with upper canine strongly compressed, the shaft with deep longitudinal groove on outer side and with conspicuous posterior cutting edge, the length of the tooth so increased that the point extends noticeably beyond exposed portion of lower canine when jaws are closed, and in life enters a distinct pocket in the lower lip ; lower incisors with crowns relatively longer than in Kerivoula, that of the inner tooth with four well developed cusps ; skull with braincase so elevated anteriorly that the highest portion is at middle instead of in occipital region. Remarks. The peculiar shape and greatly increased size of the upper canine, together with the very unusual four-cusped structure of the inner mandibular incisor, sufficiently distinguish this genus from Kerivoula. But the modifications are not confined to these teeth, as the premolars, both above and below, have become more pointed and trenchant, while the whole anterior portion of the rostrum is strengthened. Contrary to what might be expected, the mandible and lower canines remain un changed. 4& PKOC. Biou Soc. WASH., VOL. XVIII, 1905. (229) 230 Miller A New Genus of Bats from Sumatra. Phoniscus atrox sp. nov. Type from the vicinity of Kateman River, eastern Sumatra. No. 123,141, United States National Museum.. 9 adult (in alcohol). September 9, 1903. Dr. \V. L. Abbott. Original number, 2781. Characters. In size and general appearance not unlike Kerivoula Jiard- wicJdi, but form less slender, and tail distinctly shorter than head and body ; metacarpal of fifth finger slightly but distinctly shorter than that of fourth ; dorsal surface of leg, foot, forearm, thumb, second finger, and last joint of third finger closely sprinkled with fine hairs; fur of neck noticeably longer than that of back, each hair with four sharply defined rings of color ; skull more robust than that of Kerivoula kardwickii, the braincase much deeper relatively to its width. Color. Fur of upperparts with four color rings. Beginning at base these are (1) prouts-brown, (2) light, yellowish broccoli-brown, (3) prouts- brown darker than the first, and (4) a metallic golden orange. The gene ral effect is a conspicuous, changing mixture of the orange and the dark brown, the former in excess except when the hairs are disarranged. Under- parts between broccoli-brown and hair-brown, the hairs becoming much darker on proximal half, and in certain lights showing faintly golden tips, especially across chin and throat. Membranes and ears blackish, the tragus whitish in strong contrast. Measurements. External measurements, those of the second specimen (adult female, No. 123,142) in parenthesis : Head and body, 43 (46) ; tail, 38 (37); tibia, 14 (15); foot, 7.4 (7.6); forearm, 34 (35); thumb, 7 (6.4); second finger, 33 (31) ; third finger, 73 (71) ; fourth finger, 53 (52) ; fifth finger, 49 (49); ear from meatus, 13 (13.6); ear from crown, 10 (9.6); width of ear, 11 (11.6). VOL. XVIII, PP. 231-232 DECEMBER 9, 1905 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON A NEW LYCOPQDIUM FROM GUATEMALA. BY WILLIAM R. MAXON. By permission of the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution. Among a collection of Guatemalan plants received at the U. S. National Museum in 1902 there was a single specimen of' Lycopodium which at that time we were unable to refer satis factorily to any species known from middle America. While manifestly of close alliance to L. aqualupianum of the West Indies it seemed to offer notable differences, but in the absence of additional material we hesitated to describe it as new. During January of 1905 we were fortunate in visiting the precise locality, in Alta Verapaz, whence this specimen had been received ; and although we were able to collect but a single additional plant this accords so perfectly with the former in the characters distinguishing it from L. aqualupianum^ its nearest ally, that we have no doubt that they represent a distinct species: Lycopodium dichaeoides sp. nov. Plant pendent, 25 cm. long, the type specimen four times dichotomously branched in the apical half at regular intervals : leaves bright green, sessile, divergent, in four ranks, those of the lower main stem 9 to 10 mm. long by 4 to 5 mm. wide, broadly subspatulate, the upper ones gradually smaller (6 to 7 mm. by 3 to 3.5 mm.), exactly oblong-oval, imbricate in drying"; all obtuse or with a very slight apiculation, the mid vein concealed throughout : strobiles very short (8 to 18 mm.), stout, simple or mostly once forked, con spicuously quadrangular; sporophylls 1.5 mm. long, rigid, achene-like, 47 PROC. BIOL. Soc. WASH., VOL. XVIII, 1905. (231) 232 Maxon A New Lycopodium from Guatemala. broadly triangular-ovate, acuminate, deeply cucullate, carinate, the stout beak exceeding the sporangium about 0.5 mm.; sporangium orbicular- reniform, with a deep narrow sinus. Type in the U. S. National Herbarium, No. 408,034, collected near the Finca Sepacuite", Alta Verapaz, Guatemala, March 28, 1902, by O. F. Cook and R. F. Griggs; collectors' number 251. The second specimen referred to was collected by Robert Hay and the writer, on the trail between Sepacuite" and Secanquim, at an altitude of about 1,000 meters, in Alta Verapaz, January 12, 1905, No. 3268 (U. S. National Herbarium, No. 473,235), from a tree trunk in the humid forest region. Lycopodium dichaeoides may be distinguished from L. aqualupianum by its broader and more obtuse leaves, its concealed venation, and especially by its short stout strobiles which are closely aggregated in dense clusters and are from one-fifth to one-twentieth as \of\g as those of L. aqualupianum. The sporophylls too are shorter, stouter and relatively much broader. VOL. XVIII, PP. 233-236 DECEMBER 9, 1905 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON DESCRIPTIONS OF APPARENTLY NEW SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES OF MAMMALS FROM MEXICO AND SAN DOMINGO. BY D. G. ELLIOT, F. R. S. E. urrc. With one exception all the species described in this paper were obtained in Mexico by the collectors for the Field Colum bian Museum, Messrs. Heller and Barber. The Phyllonycteris has been in the museum collection for several years, but failing to obtain more examples it is now described in hopes that at tention may be drawn to it and more specimens thereby pro cured . lamias nexus sp. nov. Type from Coyotes, Durafigo, Mexico. Field Columbian Museum. Col lector's No. 4293. General characters. Darker generally than either T. bulleri or T. dur- angse. Light dorsal stripes reddish not gray ; rump and thighs much darker; light face stripes not so pure white; underparts mostly plumb eous on sides and belly, not white, and middle of tail beneath chestnut, not buff nor ochraceous-buff as in the two forms named above. Color. Top of head iron gray, black stripe from nose above eye nearly to ear, and one from nose to eye, becoming dark chestnut behind eye to ear ; yellowish white stripe from nose between the black ones becoming a narrow line above eye and a broader one beneath eye; broad chestnut stripe from nose across cheeks to beneath ear. Grayish white patches be hind ears; back of neck, shoulders, flanks, upper side of arms from wrists and thighs to ankles dark gray tinged on shoulders and flanks with yel lowish ; median black dorsal stripe from head to root of tail bordered on either side with a rufous and gray stripe, followed by a blackish chestnut stripe, succeeded by an outermost stripe of ochraceous, the outermost of all being dark chestnut. There are thus five dark stripes and four lighter ones, the middle pale ones being so tinged with red as to give the dorsal region a chestnut hue. Rump rufous; underparts from chin to and including breast white, remainder plumbeous with a whitish line through center of abdomen. Tail above black edged with white, beneath chestnut bordered with black and edged with white, tip black also edged with white. Hands 48 PKOC. BIOL. Soc. WASH., VOL. XVIII, 1905. (233) 234 Elliot New Mammals from Mexico and San Domingo. and feet whitish-gray; ears externally black on anterior half, gray on posterior. Measurements. Total length, 235 ; tail vertebrae, 91 ; hind foot, 27 ; ear, 21. Skull: Occipito-nasal length, 38 ; Hensel, 30; interorbital width, 9; zygomatic width, 21; mastoid breadth; 17; palatal length, 1(>; length of nasals, 12; width of rostrum posteriorly, 7; length of upper toothrow, 6; length of mandible to tip of incisors, 23; length of lower toothrow, 6. Remarks. Five specimens of this chipmunk were obtained by Messrs. Heller and Barber at Coyotes, about 20 miles to the west of Durango City. While resembling somewhat the two forms to the westward of the Sierra Madre, as might be expected, the present form attracts attention by its darker and more reddish coloration, especially on the back and rump, by the rufous hue of the pale dorsal stripes ; by the plumbeous underparts and by the chestnut color of the tail beneath. It appears to be entitled to specific recognition, and may not be placed with either of its near relations. For comparison, I have had Dr. Allen's types and series of T. bulleri and T. durangse. Rhithrodontomys amoenus sp. nov. Type from Reforma, Oaxaca, Mexico. Field Columbian Museum. Col lector's No. 3823. General characters. Somewhat similar to R. helvolus but smaller and dif- erently colored Color. Fore part of back, cheeks and shoulders pale ochraceous buff; top of head, lower partof back, rump and flanks dull ochraceous rufous, tinged with hazel ; underparts, hands and feet white ; tail brownish above, white beneath. Measurements. Total length, 148 ; tail vertebrae, 81 ; hind foot, 8.5. Skull : Total length, 20; Hensel, 14; zygomatic width, 10; interorbital width, 8; palatal length, 8; length of nasals, 6; of upper toothrow, 4 ; of mandible, 12; of lower toothrow, 4. Remarks. In color, this species does not closely resemble any described, although it belongs to the group represented by R. helvolus and is perhaps nearest to that form, but it is considerably smaller, as the measure ments show, with quite a different style of coloration. A single specimen was procured by Messrs. Heller and Barber. Another example is in the collection of the Biological Survey. Orthogeomys cuniculus sp. nov. Type from Yautepec, Oaxaca, Mexico. Field Columbian Museum. Col lector's No. 3878. General characters. Size medium ; no nasal pad ; hair scanty ; pelage rather harsh, neither bristly nor soft; tail long, naked ; skull heavy ; zygo mata slender and narrowest posteriorly ; nasals long. Color. General color over all the body Vandyke brown ; hairs on under parts and limbs very scanty, the flesh color of the skin being chiefly notice able; hands, feet and tail flesh color. An immature specimen is Front's brown, somewhat darker than the adult, the fur being more woolly. Measurements. Total length, 330; tail vertebrae, 95; hind foot, 44 ; ear, 7. Elliot New Mammals from Mexico and San Domingo. 235 Skull : Total length, 59 ; Hensel, 50 ; zygomatic width, 26 ; interorbital width, 12; palatal length, 26 ; median length of nasals 23; width poste riorly, 4; width anteriorly, 7; length of upper toothrow, 8; length of man dible, 47 ; of lower toothrow, 8. Remarks. This species does not seem to require comparison with any other known. It belongs to that section of the genus without nasal pads and is about the size of 0. latifrons but with somewhat differently propor tioned tail and feet. The specimens were procured by Messrs. Heller and Barber. Heterogeomys lanius sp. nov. Type from Xuchil, Vera Cruz, Mexico. Field Columbian Museum. Col lector's No. 4092. General characters. Size large ; fur soft, woolly; color very dark. Skull heavy; nasals long, widening greatly anteriorly; zygomata broad ante riorly ; palatal arch pointed but not acute ; pterygoids graduated to acute point; incisors large, heavy, curved ; mandible heavy, compact. Color. Entire upperparts and sides blackish seal brown, more black than brown ; underparts dark hair brown ; numerous white hairs on rump at base of tail and all over the underparts, so thickly gathered toward base of tail beneath as to cause that part to appear white. Hands and feet very dark seal brown ; tail blackish, naked ; claws very long, curved, horn color. Measurements. Total length, 361 ; tail vertebrae, 90; hind foot, 54 ; ear, 10. Skull : Total length, 64; Hensel, 51 ; zygomatic width, 41. 5 ; interorbital width, 14 ; palatal length, 39 ; length of nasals, 26 ; width posteriorly, 6 ; width anteriorly, 10 ; length of upper toothrow, 14 ; length of mandible to tip of incisors, 53 ; of lower toothrow, 13. Remarks. This species by its peculiar soft woolly coat differs from the other described forms and would seem to be easily recognizable. It is somewhat larger than H. hispidus, but the hair of that species is harsh as its name indicates. The specimens were obtained by Messrs. Heller and Barber. Putorius macrophonius sp. nov. Type from Achotal, Vera Cruz, Mexico. Field Columbian Museum. Col lector's No. 3474. General characters. Size very large; tail exceedingly long; skull large and heavy ; teeth large ; canines long, narrow. Color. Top and sides of head black graduating into chestnut brown of upperparts and sides of body; this hue extending well on to the under parts between the limbs ; limbs, hands, feet and tail chestnut brown, the last tipped with black ; white spot above eye and white stripe from above eye to ear ; chin and throat white reaching into the dark ochraceous buff of the underparts. Measurements. Total length, 598; tail vertebrae, 246; hind foot, 59 ; ear, 23. Skull : Total length, 60 ; Hensel, 54 ; zygomatic width, 34 ; interorbital width, 8 ; palatal leugth, 24 ; length of upper toothrow including canine, 16 ; length of canine, 9 ; length of mandible, 35 ; of lower toothrow includ ing canine, 20. 236 Elliot New Mammals from Mexico and San Domingo. Remarks. This is the largest member of the bridled weasel group yet discovered. The nearest ally appears to be P.f. goldmani, but the differ ence in the dimensions are so great that any comparison is useless. The skulls of the two forms contrasted together exhibit in that of the present species the following differences : Interorbital space narrower ; braincase longer ; bullse much wider, longer and flatter ; pterygoid fossa longer, the arch pointed ; teeth much larger and palate longer and wider. Specimens were obtained by Messrs. Heller and Barber. Phyllostoma verrucossum sp. nov. Type from Niltepec, Oaxaca, Mexico. Field Columbian Museum. Col lector's No. 3886. General characters. Size small ; V-shaped groove on lower lip margined with eleven to thirteen warts; ears as in the genus; calcar shorter than foot, Skull compared with that of P. ha*t4 Euthrips nicotians 198 Evans. W. H. Note on the introduc tion of minnows into Hawaiian rice fields xi Evermann, B. W. The trout of the Kern River region ix Changes in the bird life on an Indiana farm during recent years . x Note on three new species of fish from Santo Domingo x and Kendall. W. C. An interest ing species of fish from the high Andes of Central Ecuador . . . 91-106 Exoco3tus lutkeni viii Cyclopium cyclopum humboldtii Cynomys pyrrol rich us 1 Cyrtostomus dinagatensis 5, Gambusia fasciata . . . Geotrygon digressa . . Gerygone rhizophorse . 243 . 153 7,88 Index. 259 Gill, Theo. N. An American Cretaceous chima;roid ovicapsule x Note on the distribution of the wolf-fishes of the genus Anarrliiras x A new anarrhicadoid fish . 251-252 The early days of the Biological Society xi Will. T. and Smith, H. M. A new fam ily of jugular acanthopterygians 249-250 Gloiopotes ornatus 127 Glottis 7;") Goldman, E. A. Twelve new wood rats of the genus Neotoma . . . .27-34 Gray-breasted wood-accentor 2 Greene, E. L. The work of P. I. Rafin- esque of Switzerland viii The earliest local flora . . . .viii Linnaeus as an evolutionist . . xi Diagnoses Arngallorum . . . 11-18 Some West American red cher ries 55-f>0 Gulo hylaeus 81 H Haematospiza iudica . . 75 si pah i 75 Halm, W. L Exhibition of a rooting twig of the red maple and a note on an extension of the range of the little brow 11 bat x A new bat from Mexico . . 247-248 Myoti8 Incifiir/iisin Kamchatka . 254 Haplocichla 212 aurantia 212 Haploepiza montosa 220 Hay, W. P. Remarks on the discovery by Cffisalpino of the circulation of the blood vii A class of Arthropoda new to the District of Columbia ix Remarks on the colors of cray fishes ix Hays, Willet M. Breeding problems viii Hemiderma subrufum 247 Hendersonia 189 Mender soniella 189 Herodias timoriensis 89 Hesperis menziesii 187 Hesperomys iiebrascensis 77 Heterandria lutzi 244 pleurosilus 244 Heterogeomys lanius 235 Hinds, W. E. A new tobacco thrips 197-200 Hirnndo rustica .90 Hitchcock. A. S. The twigs of woody plants with deciduous tips vii Holoquiscalus dispar 61 Hopkins, A. D. Kxhibition of fossil bor ings of cerambycid beetles ... vii Ornaments and blemishes in wood caused by birds and insects ix Note on bark beetles destruc tive to Colorado forests x Hopkinsia 58 rosacea . 54 House, H. D. On the flowering stems of Isotria verticillata ix Some problems in the study of violets x Howard, L. O. On the first authentic record of Stef/nrnyia on the Pacific coast of Mexico viii Exhibition of artificial silk . viii Some notes on the yellow fever mosquito x More notes on the yellow fever mosquito xi Hydralector gallinaceus Hylonax validus Hyloterpeapoensis . . Icterus giraudii gualanensis .... melanocephalus . . Idiotriccus zeledoni 210 210 86 . 167 . 167 . 167 . 210 210 Idothea 4 9, 10 Idotea . 9. 10 Kaulfnssia 239 Kendall, W. C. and Evermann, B. W. An interesting species of fish from the high Andes of central Ecua dor 91-106 Knowlton, F. H. Remarks on recent paperson the salts of human blood viii Notes on some fossil figs . . . . ix The present and future of the Biological Society xi Laila 47 cockerel!! .47 Lamprocorax todayensis .88 Lasiurus seminolus 67 1 ,avia rex 227 Leonardia 1, 88 wood! 2 Leonardina 88 woodi 88 Leptasthenura montivagans . . . . 219 Ligia 9, 10 Ligyda 10 Limonites minutus 89 Loriculus galgulus 90 Loxia boctonensis 75 butanensis 76 cristata 76 indica 75 rubra 76 Lutra periclyzomae 80 Lycichthys paucidens . . 251 Lycopodium dichaeoides 231 Lyon, M. W. Remarks on the malarial infection of crows viii M McAtee, W. L Remarks on the bird foods found in drift ix MacFarland, F. M. A preliminary ac count of the Dorididse of Monterey Bay, California 35-44 Macronectes 76 Macronous montanus 4, 88 Macrostoma 239 Maddren, A. G. Notes on the occur rence of Mammoth remains in Alaska ix Maia squinado 157 Maja 74, 157 Mamaia 74, 157 Mamaiidae 157 Mammnt americanum 254 Mann, Albert. Diatoms viii 260 The Biological Society of Washington. Margarops albiventris isc. Maxon, W. K. A new cloak-fern from Mexico 205-206 A new fern from Porto Rico 215-216 A new name for a middle American fern 224 A new Lycopodium from Guat emala . .231-232 A new name for Kaulfnxsia . N Blume, a genus of marattiaceous ferns 239-240 Mearns, E. A. Animal life of Mount A poof the Philippine Islands . viii Descriptions, of a new genus and eleven new species of Philip pine birds . . 1-8 Note on a specimen of Pitheco- 'Descriptions of eight new Phil ippine birds, with notes on other species new to the island . . . 83-90 Two specimens of Chaelura celebeusis (Sclater) 185 Meek, S. E. Two new species of fishes from Brazil, 241-242 A collection of fishes from the Isthmus of Tehuantepec . . . .243-246 Megaderma frons .227 Megamelanus elongatus 118 rufivittatus 119 Melica monte/uma- 144 Melissodes galvestonensis 181 hortivagans 180 pallidisignata 18 pecosella .... verbesinarum 180 Merriain, C. H. A new elk from Cali fornia, Cervuis nannodes 23-26 Two new chipmunks from Colo rado and Arizona 163-166 Merula kelleri 6, 88 Microgale nigrescens 237 Microtriccus 210 brunneicapillus ... 210 semiflavus 210 Miller, G. S. Note on the generic names Pteroimtus and Dermoiiotus 223 A new bat from German East Africa . 227 228 A new genus of bats from Su matra . 229-230 A second specimen of Odonton- ycterix meyeri Jentink 253 Mimocichla eremita 213 Montereina 3 nobilis 38 Morris, K. L. Remarks on the new edi tion of Cassino's Naturalists' Direc tory viii Mountain macromms 4 Mount Apo blackbird 6 Mount Apo flycatcher : Mount Apo short wing 3 Mount Apo sunbird 4 Murex trunculus 189 Muscadivora langhqrnei 84 Muscicapa gaimardi 210 sulphurea 209 Muscicapula montigena 8, 88 Mustela boria 139 Myiarchus validus 210 Myiobius capitalis 207 fulvigularis 207 Myiotriccus 207 aureiventris 207 ornatus 207 phcenicurus 207 stellatus 207 Myotis lucifugus . . 254 Nea 75 Needham, J. G. New genera and spec ies of Perlidae 107-110 A new genus and species of Libellulinse from Brazil . . . .113-116 Nelson, Aven. New plants from Ne vada. II 171-176 Note on Arabis pedicellata \. Nelson . 187 Nelson, E. W. Description of a new species of whip-poor-will from Mexico 111-112 Notes on the names of certain North American birds . / . . . 121-126 A new species of clapper rail from Yucatan 141-142 Nemoura japonica HO Neoperla 108 Neotoma littoralis madrensis martinensis 28 montezumse |g nelsoni 29 nudicauda ochracea 3 palatina 27 planiceps 32 solitaria 31 Stephens! K zacateca? 30 Nesippus alatus 13' Nisus pacificus 122 Notholaena bryopoda 205 Nucifraga columbiana 224 Nyctinomus bahamensis 67 o Oberholser, H. C. Description of a new genus and species of Trochihdae 161-162 Odontonycteris meyeri 253 (Eclus snowi 117 GEnops pernigra 123 Oldys, H. W. Instinct in man and reason in the lower animals . . . . ix Presentation of a new hermit thrush song x Orodynastes 208 striaticollis 208 Orthogeomys cuniculus 234 Osgood, W. H. An extinct ruminant related to the musk ox ix - Exhibition of a mastodon tooth from Alaska x - A new name for the Peromyscus nebrascensis of certain authors ... 77 A new flying squirrel from the coast of Alaska 133-134 - Symbus, a substitute for Scapho- ceros 223 Mastodon remains in the Yukon valley 254 Ossifraga 76 Otopterus compressus 69 Ovibos niphoecus 135 Oxytropis lamberti 11 Palmer, T. S. The New York meeting of the American Ornithologist's Union xi Paramaya 157 Pardaliparus inindanensis 8, 89 Parrya menziesii 187 Index. 261 Pelecanus sula . . Peltoperla .... arcuata . . . Perl a cyrene .... occipitalis . . tennina . . . Peromyscus luteus nebrascensis Phaenicaulis cheiranthoides . Phaeotriccus hudsoni Pheucticus meridensis . . . Philippine mangrove gerygone Phcenicothraupis alfaroana . . confinis Phoniscus atrox Phyllergates heterolaemus . Phyllonycteris planifrons . . santa-cristobalensis . Phyllostoma verrucossum . Picus lewisii montanus torquatus Pimelodella eigenmanni . . Pimelodus cyclopum . . . Piper, C. V. New and American grasses . . . . Pipradeliciosa Pisa Pitangus taylori . Pithecophaga jefferyi . . . . Placostomus coronatus superciliaris ....... Platyrhynchus superciliaris . ca'ncroma Platytriccus albogularis bifasciatns cancroma .108 .109 . 108 . 109 . 77 . 77 .187 .209 . 209 . 220 7 . 212 .156 229 , . 230 . . 86 . 70 . .236 . . 236 . . 224 . 224 . .224 Rathbun, M. J. Why not Paramaya ? . 74 Reithrodontomys amcenus ...... " Rhamdia oaxacae . . ......... ** Rhamnns nevadensis ...... . 1/ ' Richardson, H. Further changes in crustacean nomenclature Richmond, C. W. The generic name of the willet ......... /D : _ Note on the synonymy of Hsematospiza sipahi . __ New generic name for the giant 78 . 76 . 20/-210 interesting . 143-150 . . 209 . . 157 , .209 . . 208 . . 208 . .208 . . 211 . .211 . . 211 . .211 . 211 UiH->iv""-i* . - - Oil flavigularis |" griseiceps *\\ insularis . . . mystaceus . . saturatus . . senex . . Plegadis falcinellus Poa brachyglossa cottoni . . . pachyphotis sandbergii . . Poecilia sphenops . Pogonotriccus zeledoni ..... Polemonium montrosensis . . . Polycera atra Polystichum krugii rhizophyllum Pontoleon Pontolis Proserpina depressa derbyi Procellaria gigantea Pseudoperla Pseudotharrhaleus griseipectus Pteronotus Pterophryne histrio Purpura Putorius macrophomus . . . Robert. Descriptions of some new genera of Tyramiidse, Pipridse, and Cotingid* . . . ,aw- New genera of Tyranmdse and Turdidse. and new forms of && ridte and Turdidse . . .... 211-214 Description of an adult female Euplumia. supposed to be Euphimia gnatho (Cabanis) Riley, J. H. aimiiis) .... On the correct name for the mountain thrush of the Lesser ^Descriptions of three new birds from the Merida region of Vene- !^ e A new name 'for Lewis' wood pecker .... Rimamphus . . . Rostanga pulchra 186 Sargassum fish * Scaphoceros fS Scardafella dialeucos * Sciuropterus zaphus **> .'.'.'.'.' 118 .211 .211 .211 . 89 145 . 146 146 . 147 .244 .210 . 174 . 50 .215 .216 . 253 .253 .201 202 . 76 108 2,88 .223 . xi of someToaentsSf Manitoba; Life history of the northern coyote. . . vii Signalosa mexicana ^ -^^^^ for the blue-gill sun-fish; Note on a rare flying fish (Exoccetus lutkein . ; Feeding habits of the trigger fish ^ _^ a Noteonthekbundance of wood cock in the neighborhood of \V ash- ^ __^ gt Notes on the 'sargassum ' fish Rallus pallidus ...... Ramphocelus chrysopterus dunstalli festse inexpectatus . . . . uropygialis 14 1 169 the District ol ^ou .209 . 210 ce X ftt.nes.OW. Note'on the occurren of the rat-tailed larvse in man . Stygogenes cyclopum ^ humboldtii Sula leucogastra sula Symbos cavifrons tyrrelli .121 121 .223 .224 .224 75 Svmphemia Svnhalonia cressoniana . . . fuscotincta semilippise snoviana .177 .178 .179 .179 262 The Biological Society of Washington. T Turnix suluensis 83 Ty rannopsis 209 Taeuioptera erythropygia 208 sulphurous 209 striaticollis . 208 Tyrannu a phoenicura 207 Taeniopteryx tenuis 110 Tyrannulus seiniflavus 210 Tainias nexus 233 Tangavius aeneus 126 U armenti 126 assimilis 126 Urubitinga cancrivora 63 iuvolucratus .... 126 Urubu brasiliensibus 123 Terenotriccus 207 erythrurus 207 v fulvigularis 207 Tetragonopterus aeneus 243 Thonfas, Oldfield. Suggestions for the nomenclature of the cranial length Arkansas, and Texas . .vii measurements and of the cheek- Vespertilio bahamensis 67 teeth of mammals 191-196 Vnltnranra 199 Thorichthys aureus 245 VW Thripstabaci 197 Tolmarchus 209 W bahamensis 209 caudifasciatus 209 Waters, C. E. Remarks on diatoms . viii caymanensis 209 Fern stems x gabbi 209 White, David. Fossal plants of the jamaicensis 209 group Cycadotilices viii taylori 209 Wilson, C. B. New species of parasitic Tonicella blaneyi 203 copepods from the Massachusetts Townsend, C. O. Distribution and de- coast 127-132 velopment of the sugar beet indus try in the United States vii Y Triepeolus hopkinsi 184 A ffrandis 50 Xenoglossa utahensis 182 maculata .' .' .' .' .' .' .' .' '. '. '. 49 Xiphophorus helleri 244 True, F. W. New name for Pontoledn '. 253 Turdus apicalis 186 Z aurantius 212 montanus 186 Zaushneria argentea 173